antitussives

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What-is-a-persistent-cough-or-hoarseness?

What is a persistent cough or hoarseness?

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A persistent cough is defined as a cough that lasts more than three weeks. It can be caused by a variety of factors, including respiratory infections, allergies, and lung diseases such as asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. A hoarse voice, on the other hand, is characterized by a hoarse or tense voice. It can also be caused by several factors, including voice tension, viral infections, and even some medical conditions.

Causes-of-persistent-cough-or-hoarseness

Causes of persistent cough or hoarseness

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There are several potential causes of persistent coughing or hoarseness. Some of the most common medical conditions that can cause these symptoms include:

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<ul><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Asthma: a chronic disease that causes inflammation and narrowing of the airways, making breathing difficult.</li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">COPD: a group of lung diseases that cause airflow obstruction and difficulty breathing, such as chronic bronchitis and emphysema</li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Lung cancer: a type of cancer that can cause constant coughing, wheezing and chest pain</li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Allergies: can cause inflammation of the airways, leading to constant coughing or wheezing</li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">GERD: gastroesophageal reflux disease can cause gastric acid to return to the throat, leading to irritation and coughing</li></ul>Environmental factors, such as pollution and exposure to irritants, can also cause persistent coughing or wheezing, as well as some lifestyle factors, such as smoking and alcohol consumption.

Symptoms-to-watch-out-for

Symptoms to watch out for

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In addition to persistent coughing or hoarseness, other symptoms may appear depending on the underlying cause. For example, asthma and COPD can cause shortness of breath and wheezing, while lung cancer can cause chest pain and weight loss.

Diagnosis-and-treatment-options

Diagnosis and treatment options

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If you have a persistent cough or wheezing, it is important to seek medical attention to determine the underlying cause. Your doctor may recommend diagnostic tests, such as chest X-rays, functional tests of the lungs, or bronchoscopy, which involves inserting a small chamber into your lungs to look for signs of inflammation or other abnormalities.

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Treatment options depend on the underlying cause of your symptoms. For example, if you have asthma, your doctor may prescribe an inhaler to help you open your airways. If you have GERD, lifestyle changes such as avoiding certain foods and losing weight may be recommended. In some cases, surgery may be required to remove cancerous tumors.

When-should-you-seek-medical-help

When should you seek medical help

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If you have a persistent cough or hoarseness, it's important to seek medical attention if you have any of the following symptoms:

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<ul><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Cough with blood</li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Chest pain</li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Breathlessness</li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Wheezing</li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Weight loss</li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Difficulty swallowing</li></ul>

Herbal-and-natural-treatments

Herbal and natural treatments

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<ol><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">: Honey is a natural cough suppressant and has antimicrobial properties that can help soothe sore throats. You can add a teaspoon of honey to warm water or tea, or take it straight.</li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Ginger: Ginger has anti-inflammatory and antibacterial properties that can help relieve symptoms of coughs and colds. You can brew ginger tea by boiling fresh ginger in water, or add ginger to your meals or smoothies.</li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Thyme: Thyme is a natural expectorant that can help loosen mucus and relieve coughing. You can brew thyme tea by brewing fresh or dried thyme leaves in hot water, or add thyme to your meals.</li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Eucalyptus: Eucalyptus has antimicrobial and expectorant properties that can help relieve coughs and congestion. You can inhale eucalyptus essential oil by adding a few drops to hot water and inhaling the steam, or add eucalyptus to your bath.</li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Licorice root: Licorice root has anti-inflammatory and expectorant properties that can help relieve cough and sore throat. You can make licorice root tea by brewing dried licorice root in hot water, or take licorice root supplements.</li></ol>

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Medications,-allergies-and-foods-that-can-cause-a-persistent-cough

Medications, allergies and foods that can cause a persistent cough

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<ul><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">ACE inhibitors (active compound: e.g. lisinopril, enalapril, ramipril)</li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Beta-blockers (active compound: e.g. Atenolol, Metoprolol, Propranolol)</li></ul>&nbsp;

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<ul><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Pollen</li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Dust mites</li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Mold spores</li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Animal dandruff</li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Insect allergens (e.g. cockroach)</li></ul>&nbsp;

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<ul><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Dairy products (e.g. milk, cheese, yoghurt)</li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Acidic or spicy foods (e.g. tomatoes, citrus fruits, hot peppers)</li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Food additives (e.g. sulphites, sodium glutamate)</li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Cold or carbonated drinks</li></ul>&nbsp;

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Keep in mind that the specific factors that trigger a persistent cough may be different in different people. It is important to consult your doctor for individual advice and recommendations.

In conclusion, persistent coughing or wheezing should never be ignored, as it can be a sign of serious illness. It is important to seek medical attention if you have any of these symptoms, especially if they persist for more than a few weeks. In addition, incorporating natural remedies such as honey, ginger, thyme, eucalyptus, and licorice root can help relieve symptoms, but it's important to remember that they are not a substitute for medical treatment. By being aware of the potential causes and symptoms of persistent coughing or wheezing, and by taking appropriate action when necessary, you can protect your health and prevent any potential complications.

Persistent cough or wheezing: "Why this compulsive cough or hoarse voice can be serious"

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Persistent cough or wheezing: "Why can they be serious"

Екипът на Санацио

Why-do-we-suffer-from-sinusitis-and-clogged-sinuses?

Why do we suffer from sinusitis and clogged sinuses? 

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Sinusitis occurs when the tissue covering the sinuses becomes swollen or inflamed. It occurs as a result of an inflammatory reaction or infection by a virus, bacterium or fungus. When sinus openings become clogged or too much mucus builds up, bacteria and other germs can grow more easily. 1

Why-do-we-suffer-from-sinusitis-and-clogged-sinuses?_0_2

Sinusitis can occur in a variety of conditions, most often colds and allergies. They can cause too much mucus to secrete or block the sinuses from opening.

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A distorted nasal septum, nasal bone spur, or nasal polyps can also block the opening and normal function of the sinuses. Chronic infections can cause swelling and inflammation of the mucous membrane, which can also block the sinuses. 2

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Generally speaking, sinus blockage occurs when mucus in the nasal passages does not drain normally, causing an accumulation that blocks the sinuses. This is usually due to a condition that has other symptoms.&nbsp;

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The pressure and pain of sinus congestion can be felt behind the forehead, eyes, cheeks, or jaw, depending on which types of sinuses are affected. Still, many natural home remedies can help a person feel better, including hydration, inhaling steam, and putting a warm, wet towel on the face.&nbsp;&nbsp;

Essential-oils-for-sinusitis-and-nasal-congestion

Essential oils for sinusitis and nasal congestion 

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To date, we know that essential oils are a natural alternative to synthetic drugs and some oils can relieve the symptoms of nasal congestion, promoting normal breathing. These oils have other health benefits that deserve to be given a few lines.

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Essential oils have been used for centuries as a natural way to maintain emotional and physical health. When people start to worry about synthetic drugs because of side effects or other reasons, they may look for natural remedies, such as essential oils, herbal extracts and tinctures, homeopathic remedies, and more. 3

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Some people use over-the-counter decongestants or antibiotics to treat sinus congestion and sinus infections. These drugs are not suitable for everyone. Decongestants may interact with prescription drugs and are not recommended for people with multiple diseases, as well as not suitable for pregnancy or high blood pressure.&nbsp;

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Some essential oils are more promising means of fighting sinus infections than others. Here are some to have on hand when you need relief from a stuffy nose.

Peppermint-oil-(MENTHA-PIPERITA)

Peppermint oil (MENTHA PIPERITA) 

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This strong oil contains menthol, which provides a cooling effect when inhaled it. Inhaling such oil can trigger the mucus receptors on your nose to reopen the airways for easier breathing. Some research suggests that it may also act as an antibacterial agent and reduce inflammation. However, other studies have shown that menthol may have a controversial effect. 4

Eucalyptus-oil-(EUCALYPTUS-GLOBULUS,-EUCALYPTUS-RADIATA)

Eucalyptus oil (EUCALYPTUS GLOBULUS, EUCALYPTUS RADIATA)

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A common compound in over-the-counter decongestants, eucalyptus oil can relieve symptoms of sinus infection by reducing headaches and releasing stuffy nose.

Tea-tree-oil-(MELALEUCA-ALTERNIFOLIA)

Tea tree oil (MELALEUCA ALTERNIFOLIA)

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Often used to treat fungal problems, tea tree oil has antiseptic, antibacterial, and anti-inflammatory properties. Inflammation is a common cause of sinus congestion, so applying tea tree oil can reduce it.

Rosemary-oil-(ROSMARINUS-officinalis)

Rosemary oil (ROSMARINUS officinalis) 

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The sharp aroma of rosemary makes it preferred for nasal congestion. Research shows that it has anti-inflammatory properties and is a rich source of antioxidants that help your immune system fight inflammation and pathogenic microorganisms. 5

Lemon-oil-(CITRUS-LIMONUM)

Lemon oil (CITRUS LIMONUM) 

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Vitamin C is great when you have a cold not only as an oral remedy. Citrus essential oil can help you with a stuffy nose and promote the patency of sinus openings.

Sage-oil-(SALVIA-SCLAREA)

Sage oil (SALVIA SCLAREA) 

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Sage oil acts as a natural antimicrobial agent, making it useful for fighting the symptoms of sinus infection caused by bacteria.

Clove-oil-(SYZYGIUM-AROMATICUM)

Clove oil (SYZYGIUM AROMATICUM) 

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The spicy aroma of cloves can wake you up, and the oil contains natural antiseptic and antifungal components that reduce inflammation and help drain the sinuses.

What-Studies-Say-About-Essential-Oils

What Studies Say About Essential Oils 

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A 2006 scientific publication found that tea tree oil (Melaleuca alternifolia) has antiseptic, antibacterial, and anti-inflammatory properties. Since inflammation of sinus tissue and bacteria are often to blame for sinus congestion, tea tree oil can help. 6

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Researchers in a 2009 study found that 1.8 cineole, which is the main component of eucalyptus oil (Eucalyptus), is an effective and safe treatment for sinusitis that does not include antibiotics. According to&nbsp; the National Association for Holistic Aromatherapy (NAHA), 1.8 cineole helps clear the air of bacteria and other microbes. It can also help clear the airways of mucus and is a natural cough suppressant. 6

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With regard to&nbsp; peppermint (Mentha), the main compound in peppermint oil is menthol. Menthol is found in some over-the-counter medications, such as&nbsp; lozenges and nasal sprays. However, some studies have shown that menthol is more likely to increase congestion than reduce them. Menthol creates a cooling sensation that leads users to believe that their nasal passages are cleaner and they breathe better, even though the ducts are still clogged.

Other-natural-remedies-for-sinusitis-and-nasal-congestion

Other natural remedies for sinusitis and nasal congestion 

Use-an-air-humidifier

Use an air humidifier 

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Moisturizer can be a quick and easy way to reduce sinus pain and relieve nasal congestion. The machine converts water into moisture, which slowly fills the air, increasing the humidity in the room.&nbsp;

Take-a-shower

Take a shower 

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Have you ever had a fresh cold or with your first flu symptoms, taken a hot shower and felt lighter? The secret is in the hot water and the steam that is released. It can help dilute the mucus in your nose and reduce inflammation.&nbsp;

Hydrate-through-more-water

Hydrate through more water 

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It's important to drink plenty of fluids if you suspect you have a cold or have flu symptoms. Maintaining optimal hydration levels can help dilute the mucus in your nasal passages, pushing fluids out of your nose and reducing pressure in your sinuses. Less pressure means less inflammation and irritation.

Use-saline-spray

Use saline spray 

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Make hydration even better with saline, salt water solution. The use of a nasal physiological spray can increase moisture in the nostrils and unclog the nose.

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However, some saline sprays also include a decongestant drug. Ask your doctor for advice before you start using physiological sprays with decongestants.

Apply-a-warm-compress

Apply a warm compress 

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A warm compress can help relieve some symptoms of nasal congestion by opening the nasal passages from the outside.

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To make a warm compress, first soak a towel in warm water. Then squeeze the water out of the towel, then fold it and put it on your nose and forehead.

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Heat can provide comfort in any pain and help relieve inflammation in the nostrils. Repeat as often as necessary.

Nasal congestion, which many people call a stuffy nose, is the result of inflammation of the blood vessels in the sinuses. And the sinuses can be clogged due to a cold, flu, or bacteria that have penetrated and triggered an infection. Although the discomfort can be great, the sinuses can be unclogged by providing excellent hydration, more heat and the use of some essential oils. Of course, medications may also be needed, so at the first symptoms, always consult your doctor.&nbsp;

How essential oils help with sinusitis and nasal congestion

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Бетина Цветкова

Author: Rositsa Tashkova, Master of Molecular Biology and Microbiology

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The broadleaf plantain (Plantago major) is best known for its ability to accelerate wound healing. It's also called white man's foot or greater plantain. The plant is widespread in Europe, Asia and America and is often found in gardens and other urban grasslands.

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The plantain is not distinguished by bright colors or large size, but despite its modest appearance, it hides a great healing potential, which extends beyond the treatment of wounds.

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Some of the properties attributed to it by folk medicine have been confirmed by recent research, including:

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<ul>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">wound healing,</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">antipyretic action (to lower fever),</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">cough suppression (antitussive),</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">against infections,</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">anti-haemorrhagic and haemostatic action,</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">anti-inflammatory,</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">diuretic,</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">laxative,</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">astringent.</li>
</ul>

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In this article you will learn more about the traditional use of plantain in Iranian traditional medicine, as well as the modern evidence of its healing properties. The information is taken from the article Plantago major in Traditional Persian Medicine and modern phytotherapy: a narrative review, 2018, Electronic physician [<a href="https://www.bioseek.eu/en/eng/research/pubmed/Plantago_major_in_Traditional_Persian_Medicine_and_modern_phytotherapy_a_narrative_review_29629064" target="_blank" rel="noopener">ref.1</a>].

Plantain-Use-According-to-Iranian-Folk-Medicine

Plantain Use According to Iranian Folk Medicine

Plantain-Use-According-to-Iranian-Folk-Medicine_0_0

The use of plantain for the treatment of various diseases dates back thousands of years. The earliest known account of the plantain is in "De materia medica", which was written by the Greek pharmaco-botanist Dioscurid in the 1st century (40-90 A.D.). The book is an encyclopedia of herbal treatment and pharmacopoeia from around the world.

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Plantain finds the following applications in Iranian folk medicine:

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<ul>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">In neurological diseases such <a href="/p/iepiliepsiiata_koi_liechiebni_rastieniia_sa_izpolzvani_v_drievna_piersiia_d697132f_9082_456b_ac3a_9019ffa4be12" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer">epilepsy</a> or ear pain;</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">In diseases of the eyes;</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Against inflammation in the oral cavity and toothache (gargling and rinsing);</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">In lung diseases such as asthma and tuberculosis;</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">With gastrointestinal problems - bleeding, <a href="/p/profilaktika_klasichiesko_i_bilkovo_liechieniie_na_khiemoroidi_9e58f268_e51f_460a_8c66_6158a6575aac" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer">hemorrhoids</a>, stomach ache, <a href="/p/7_bilki_koito_obliekchavat_loshoto_khranosmilanie_i_dispiepsiiata_60bc6c30_0949_4ed7_933c_460f9104d318" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer">dyspepsia</a>, constipation;</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">In <a href="/p/chierniiat_drob_nie_boli_koi_bilki_podobriavat_zdravieto_mu_pri_khiepatit_stieatoza_i_tsiroza_ed55df70_c2be_430d_93f0_29a2aece49ff" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer">liver</a> and bile disease;</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">In urogenital infections and pain in <a href="/p/kamni_v_bbrietsitie_koi_bilki_priechat_na_obrazuvanieto_im_i_kak_da_sie_khranim" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer">the kidneys</a> and bladder;</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">For the treatment of various wounds and burns.</li>
</ul>

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Many of these and other healing properties are also confirmed by modern medicine. You will learn about some of them in the following lines.

Broadleaf-Plantain-and-The-Immune-System

Broadleaf Plantain and The Immune System

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In low concentrations, plantain possesses immunomodulatory activity, increases the number of lymphocytes and the secretion of interferon-γ, but at high concentrations this property can be suppressed.

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Plantain tea can aid the immune system in leukemia and viral infections. [<a href="https://www.bioseek.eu/en/eng/research/pubmed/In_vitro_cytotoxic_antiviral_and_immunomodulatory_effects_of_Plantago_major_and_Plantago_asiatica_12856861" target="_blank" rel="noopener">ref.2</a>]

Plantain-in-Gastrointestinal-Problems

Plantain in Gastrointestinal Problems

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The seeds of plantain secrete mucus substances that have a laxative and protective effect for the mucous membrane of the stomach. Seeds are recommended for inflammatory bowel diseases, e.g. ulcerative colitis.

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On the other hand, leaf extract reduces the mobility of the duodenum and has astringent effect.

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Plantain-in-Urticaria

Plantain in Urticaria

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Broadleaf plantain contains substances that suppress the production of prostaglandins, the movement of white blood cells and the release of histamine, and this is relevant for the suppression of urticaria.

Antibacterial-and-Antiparasite-Effects-of-Plantain

Antibacterial and Antiparasite Effects of Plantain

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Some types of plantain extracts have shown an effect against the Giardia parasite.

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Plantain extract in ethyl alcohol shows antibacterial activity against the bacteria E. coli and Bacillus cereus, and acetone extract is also effective against Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Klebsiella pneumonia, Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Plantain extract also has good effectiveness against <a href="../../eng/p/home_remedies_for_vaginal_candidiasis" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Candida albicans yeast</a>.

Plantain-Helps-Wound-Healing

Plantain Helps Wound Healing

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Broadleaf plantain is traditionally used to heal wounds. With tissue damage, whether from bacteria, physical trauma, chemical, heat or any other phenomenon, the body reacts with an inflammatory response, which is by its very nature a protective reaction. Inflammation is manifested by redness, fever, edema and pain in the affected tissue.

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Plantain contains polyphenols and in particular plantamajoside, which are considered the main significant compounds for wound healing. For this purpose, aqueous extract of plantain can be used.

antitussives

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