Bronchitis is inflammation of the bronchi (large and medium-sized airways) in the lungs that causes coughing. Symptoms include coughing up sputum, wheezing, shortness of breath, and chest pain. Bronchitis can be acute or chronic.Acute bronchitis usually has a cough that lasts around three weeks, and is also known as a chest cold. In more than 90% of cases the cause is a viral infection. These viruses may be spread through the air when people cough or by direct contact. A small number of cases are ...

bronchitis

The-most-important-for-N-acetyl-cysteine-(NAC)

The most important for N-acetyl cysteine (NAC)

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N-acetyl cysteine (NAC) is a synthetic form of cysteine, a semi-essential amino acid. When consumed, NAC breaks down into cysteine, which is metabolized to glutathione. Glutathione is a vital antioxidant for the proper functioning of the immune system and detoxification, as well as for the construction and repair of tissues. NAC is most valued for its ability to increase glutathione levels in the body and helps with various respiratory conditions, fertility, detoxification, and contributes to brain health.&nbsp; 1

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N-acetyl cysteine (NAC) is the form of cysteine contained in dietary supplements. Cysteine is considered a 'semi-essential' amino acid because it can be produced in small amounts by the human body. Our bodies can normally produce cysteine from the amino acids serine and methionine. However, your body needs to have enough folate, vitamin B6 and vitamin B12 for this to be possible. That's why supplementation with N-acetyl cysteine is most often needed to get its many health benefits.

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One of the most powerful roles of cysteine is related to the production of glutathione, the body's main antioxidant. Glutathione is essential for health. Cysteine is usually the amino acid that is in the shortest supply for glutamine production, so it's important to get enough of this amino acid, although it's not considered essential.

The-Most-Important-Health-Benefits-of-NAC-(N-Acetyl-Cysteine)

The Most Important Health Benefits of NAC (N-Acetyl Cysteine) 

N-acetyl-cysteine-helps-in-the-production-of-the-most-important-antioxidant

N-acetyl cysteine helps in the production of the most important antioxidant  

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NAC maintains antioxidant activity by neutralizing hydrogen peroxide and the highly reactive hydroxyl radical and also serves as a source of sulfhydryl groups. In addition, NAC improves the production of the tripeptide glutathione, a key component of both antioxidant and detoxifying enzymes. NAC is known for its support for normal mucus production and can support respiratory function and eye health, especially when consumed for an extended period of time. 2

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Other research suggests that NAC can protect cell and tissue health by maintaining normal mental status and helping to remove toxic metals into the body. 3

N-acetyl-cysteine-promotes-detoxification

N-acetyl cysteine promotes detoxification 

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N-acetyl cysteine is an important part of detoxification. Various factors can determine glutathione needs, including level of toxin exposure, increased phase I detoxification activity, and overall need for antioxidant support due to increased stress levels.&nbsp;

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Once NAC promotes glutathione production, glutathione is incorporated into crucial antioxidant enzymes (e.g. glutathione peroxidase and glutathione reductase) and detoxification enzymes (glutathione S-transferases). Through the activity of these enzymes, glutathione directly supports antioxidant activity, phase II detoxification and the normal breakdown of metabolites, toxins and other compounds in the body. Glutathione is also involved in fatty acid synthesis and amino acid transport across the cell membrane. 4

N-acetyl-cysteine-to-support-brain-health

N-acetyl cysteine to support brain health 

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NAC has the ability to regulate glutamate, the most important neurotransmitter in the brain. Glutamate is necessary for normal brain function. When the ability of NAC to replenish glutathione levels is combined, it makes N-acetyl cysteine a powerful tool for improving brain function. Research suggests that NAC may play a significant role in improving symptoms associated with brain and memory diseases, including Alzheimer's, Parkinson's and tremors. 5 Research is also looking at the potential of NAC for improvements in depression, bipolar disorder, schizophrenia, moderate to severe obstructive pulmonary disease, and reduction of withdrawal symptoms in cocaine addicts.&nbsp;

N-acetyl-cysteine-to-improve-lung-function

N-acetyl cysteine to improve lung function 

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The antioxidant and expectorant capacity of NAC may improve lung function by reducing inflammation as well as breaking down excess accumulated mucus. As an antioxidant, NAC can increase glutathione levels in the lungs, reducing inflammation in lung tissue and bronchi. N-acetyl cysteine therefore has applications to relieve nasal and sinus congestion symptoms due to allergies or infections, but also in more severe cases such as bronchitis and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. 6

N-acetyl-cysteine-for-improved-immune-defense

N-acetyl cysteine for improved immune defense 

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Increased levels of glutathione in the body improve immune function. Research on some diseases associated with NAC and glutathione deficiency suggests that immune function can be improved and potentially restored by supplementation with NAC. 7&nbsp;

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Cysteine is found naturally in meat, fish, grains, dairy, soybeans, and egg products, while the form NAC (N-acetylcysteine) is found in small amounts naturally only in some fruits and vegetables. Therefore, it is necessary to take it from other sources, including through a dietary supplement.

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NAC (N-acetylcysteine) comes from the amino acid L-cysteine, which supports respiratory system health and immune function, in addition to increasing levels of glutathione the strongest antioxidant in the body. This form of cysteine also contributes to detoxification, respiratory function and other important processes on which human health depends.

The Great Health Benefits of NAC (N-Acetyl Cysteine)

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Бетина Цветкова

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What-is-a-persistent-cough-or-hoarseness?

What is a persistent cough or hoarseness?

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A persistent cough is defined as a cough that lasts more than three weeks. It can be caused by a variety of factors, including respiratory infections, allergies, and lung diseases such as asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. A hoarse voice, on the other hand, is characterized by a hoarse or tense voice. It can also be caused by several factors, including voice tension, viral infections, and even some medical conditions.

Causes-of-persistent-cough-or-hoarseness

Causes of persistent cough or hoarseness

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There are several potential causes of persistent coughing or hoarseness. Some of the most common medical conditions that can cause these symptoms include:

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<ul><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Asthma: a chronic disease that causes inflammation and narrowing of the airways, making breathing difficult.</li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">COPD: a group of lung diseases that cause airflow obstruction and difficulty breathing, such as chronic bronchitis and emphysema</li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Lung cancer: a type of cancer that can cause constant coughing, wheezing and chest pain</li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Allergies: can cause inflammation of the airways, leading to constant coughing or wheezing</li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">GERD: gastroesophageal reflux disease can cause gastric acid to return to the throat, leading to irritation and coughing</li></ul>Environmental factors, such as pollution and exposure to irritants, can also cause persistent coughing or wheezing, as well as some lifestyle factors, such as smoking and alcohol consumption.

Symptoms-to-watch-out-for

Symptoms to watch out for

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In addition to persistent coughing or hoarseness, other symptoms may appear depending on the underlying cause. For example, asthma and COPD can cause shortness of breath and wheezing, while lung cancer can cause chest pain and weight loss.

Diagnosis-and-treatment-options

Diagnosis and treatment options

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If you have a persistent cough or wheezing, it is important to seek medical attention to determine the underlying cause. Your doctor may recommend diagnostic tests, such as chest X-rays, functional tests of the lungs, or bronchoscopy, which involves inserting a small chamber into your lungs to look for signs of inflammation or other abnormalities.

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Treatment options depend on the underlying cause of your symptoms. For example, if you have asthma, your doctor may prescribe an inhaler to help you open your airways. If you have GERD, lifestyle changes such as avoiding certain foods and losing weight may be recommended. In some cases, surgery may be required to remove cancerous tumors.

When-should-you-seek-medical-help

When should you seek medical help

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If you have a persistent cough or hoarseness, it's important to seek medical attention if you have any of the following symptoms:

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<ul><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Cough with blood</li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Chest pain</li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Breathlessness</li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Wheezing</li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Weight loss</li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Difficulty swallowing</li></ul>

Herbal-and-natural-treatments

Herbal and natural treatments

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<ol><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">: Honey is a natural cough suppressant and has antimicrobial properties that can help soothe sore throats. You can add a teaspoon of honey to warm water or tea, or take it straight.</li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Ginger: Ginger has anti-inflammatory and antibacterial properties that can help relieve symptoms of coughs and colds. You can brew ginger tea by boiling fresh ginger in water, or add ginger to your meals or smoothies.</li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Thyme: Thyme is a natural expectorant that can help loosen mucus and relieve coughing. You can brew thyme tea by brewing fresh or dried thyme leaves in hot water, or add thyme to your meals.</li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Eucalyptus: Eucalyptus has antimicrobial and expectorant properties that can help relieve coughs and congestion. You can inhale eucalyptus essential oil by adding a few drops to hot water and inhaling the steam, or add eucalyptus to your bath.</li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Licorice root: Licorice root has anti-inflammatory and expectorant properties that can help relieve cough and sore throat. You can make licorice root tea by brewing dried licorice root in hot water, or take licorice root supplements.</li></ol>

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Medications,-allergies-and-foods-that-can-cause-a-persistent-cough

Medications, allergies and foods that can cause a persistent cough

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<ul><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">ACE inhibitors (active compound: e.g. lisinopril, enalapril, ramipril)</li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Beta-blockers (active compound: e.g. Atenolol, Metoprolol, Propranolol)</li></ul>&nbsp;

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<ul><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Pollen</li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Dust mites</li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Mold spores</li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Animal dandruff</li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Insect allergens (e.g. cockroach)</li></ul>&nbsp;

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<ul><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Dairy products (e.g. milk, cheese, yoghurt)</li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Acidic or spicy foods (e.g. tomatoes, citrus fruits, hot peppers)</li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Food additives (e.g. sulphites, sodium glutamate)</li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Cold or carbonated drinks</li></ul>&nbsp;

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Keep in mind that the specific factors that trigger a persistent cough may be different in different people. It is important to consult your doctor for individual advice and recommendations.

In conclusion, persistent coughing or wheezing should never be ignored, as it can be a sign of serious illness. It is important to seek medical attention if you have any of these symptoms, especially if they persist for more than a few weeks. In addition, incorporating natural remedies such as honey, ginger, thyme, eucalyptus, and licorice root can help relieve symptoms, but it's important to remember that they are not a substitute for medical treatment. By being aware of the potential causes and symptoms of persistent coughing or wheezing, and by taking appropriate action when necessary, you can protect your health and prevent any potential complications.

Persistent cough or wheezing: "Why this compulsive cough or hoarse voice can be serious"

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Persistent cough or wheezing: "Why can they be serious"

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Symptoms-of-shortness-of-breath

Symptoms of shortness of breath

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Shortness of breath can be described as feeling like you can't catch your breath or are out of breath. You may feel like you're suffocating or drowning. Other symptoms that can accompany shortness of breath include wheezing, coughing, and chest tightness.

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Causes-of-shortness-of-breath

Causes of shortness of breath

I.-Causes-of-Shortness-of-Breath

I. Causes of Shortness of Breath 

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Respiratory Conditions

Asthma

1. Asthma

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Asthma is a chronic respiratory condition that causes inflammation and narrowing of the airways, leading to shortness of breath, wheezing, and coughing. It can be triggered by allergens, exercise, stress, or other factors.

Chronic-obstructive-pulmonary-disease-(COPD)

2. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)

Chronic-obstructive-pulmonary-disease-(COPD)_1_0

&nbsp;COPD is a progressive lung disease that includes chronic bronchitis and emphysema. It is caused by long-term exposure to irritants such as cigarette smoke, air pollution, or dust. Symptoms include coughing, wheezing, and shortness of breath, which can worsen over time.

Pulmonary-embolism

3. Pulmonary embolism

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A pulmonary embolism occurs when a blood clot travels to the lungs and blocks a blood vessel. This can cause sudden shortness of breath, chest pain, and coughing up blood. It is a medical emergency that requires immediate treatment.

Pneumonia

4. Pneumonia

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&nbsp;Pneumonia is a lung infection that can cause inflammation and fluid buildup in the lungs, leading to shortness of breath, coughing, fever, and chest pain. It can be caused by viruses, bacteria, or fungi.

B.-Cardiovascular-conditions

B. Cardiovascular conditions

Heart-failureHeart-failure

1. Heart failureHeart failure

Heart-failureHeart-failure_2_0

&nbsp;Heart failure is a condition in which the heart cannot pump enough blood to meet the body's needs. This can cause fluid buildup in the lungs and other parts of the body, leading to shortness of breath, fatigue, and swelling.

Coronary-artery-disease

2. Coronary artery disease

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Coronary artery disease occurs when the arteries that supply blood to the heart become narrowed or blocked, reducing blood flow and oxygen to the heart muscle. This can cause chest pain, shortness of breath, and other symptoms.

Arrhythmia

3. Arrhythmia

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&nbsp;An arrhythmia is an abnormal heart rhythm that can cause the heart to beat too fast, too slow, or irregularly. This can lead to shortness of breath, chest pain, and other symptoms.

C.-Other-reasons

C. Other reasons

Anxiety-or-panic-attacks

1. Anxiety or panic attacks

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Anxiety or panic attacks can cause shortness of breath, chest tightness, and other physical symptoms. These attacks can be triggered by stress, fear, or other factors.

Anemia

2. Anemia

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Anemia is a condition in which the body does not have enough red blood cells or hemoglobin, leading to reduced oxygen delivery to the body's tissues. This can cause fatigue, weakness, and shortness of breath.

Obesity

3. Obesity

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Obesity can put extra strain on the heart and lungs, leading to shortness of breath and other symptoms. Losing weight and increasing physical activity can help improve breathing and overall health.

When-to-seek-medical-attention

When to seek medical attention

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If you experience sudden onset of shortness of breath, chest pain, or fainting, seek emergency medical attention immediately. If you have mild to moderate shortness of breath, seek medical attention within a few days. Your doctor can determine the underlying cause of your shortness of breath and recommend appropriate treatment.

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Diagnosing-and-treating-shortness-of-breath

Diagnosing and treating shortness of breath

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To diagnose shortness of breath, your doctor may perform a physical exam and order various tests, such as a chest X-ray or pulmonary function test. Treatment for shortness of breath depends on the underlying cause. Your doctor may prescribe medications, such as bronchodilators or inhalers, or recommend lifestyle changes, such as quitting smoking or losing weight.

Herbal-and-natural-treatments-for-shortness-of-breath

Herbal and natural treatments for shortness of breath

Ginger

1. Ginger

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Ginger is known to have anti-inflammatory properties, which can help ease the symptoms of respiratory illnesses that cause shortness of breath. You can consume ginger in various ways, such as adding it to your tea, smoothies, or soups.

2.Eucalyptus-oil

2.Eucalyptus oil

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Eucalyptus oil is commonly used to relieve respiratory symptoms, including shortness of breath. You can add a few drops of eucalyptus oil to a diffuser or inhale the steam from a hot shower or bowl of hot water with a few drops of eucalyptus oil added.

Peppermint

3. Peppermint

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&nbsp;Peppermint is another herb that has anti-inflammatory properties and can help ease respiratory symptoms. You can add peppermint leaves to your tea or inhale the steam from boiling water with a few drops of peppermint oil added.

Licorice-root

4. Licorice root

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Licorice root has been traditionally used to treat respiratory illnesses, and its anti-inflammatory properties can help reduce inflammation in the airways. You can consume licorice root tea or take licorice root supplements.

Omega-3-Fatty-Acids

5. Omega-3 Fatty Acids

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&nbsp;Omega-3 fatty acids have anti-inflammatory properties and can help reduce inflammation in the airways. You can consume omega-3 fatty acids through foods such as fatty fish, nuts, and seeds, or take omega-3 supplements.

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Medications

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<ul><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Beta-blockers (e.g., propranolol, metoprolol): Used for hypertension, heart disease, and migraines</li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">ACE inhibitors (e.g., lisinopril, captopril): Used for hypertension and heart failure</li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">NSAIDs (e.g., ibuprofen, naproxen): Anti-inflammatory drugs used for pain relief</li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Aspirin: Anti-inflammatory and blood-thinning drug</li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Opioids (e.g., morphine, oxycodone): Pain relief medications</li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Benzodiazepines (e.g., diazepam, alprazolam): Anti-anxiety medications and muscle relaxants</li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Antihistamines (e.g., diphenhydramine, cetirizine): Allergy medications</li></ul>

Allergies

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<ul><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Pollen: Tree, grass, and weed pollen can cause seasonal allergic reactions</li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Dust mites: Microscopic creatures that can trigger allergic reactions</li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Mold spores: Fungi that can cause respiratory allergies</li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Pet dander: Allergens from animals with fur or feathers</li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Insect stings: Bee or wasp venom can cause an allergic reaction</li></ul>

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Foods

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<ul><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Sulfites: Preservatives found in wine, dried fruits, and processed foods</li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">MSG (monosodium glutamate): A flavor enhancer used in some processed foods and restaurants</li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Dairy products: Lactose intolerance or milk protein allergy</li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Gluten-containing grains: Wheat, barley, and rye can cause issues for people with celiac disease or gluten intolerance</li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Nuts and seeds: Allergies to peanuts, tree nuts, and sesame seeds</li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Shellfish: Allergies to shrimp, crab, lobster, and other shellfish</li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Eggs: Allergy to egg proteins</li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Soy: Allergy to soy proteins</li></ul>It is important to note that shortness of breath can be a symptom of many conditions, and identifying the specific cause requires careful assessment by a healthcare professional.

Shortness of breath is a warning sign that should not be ignored. If you experience shortness of breath, it's important to seek medical attention to determine the underlying cause and appropriate treatment. Incorporating natural remedies and lifestyle changes can also help manage shortness of breath and improve lung function. By being aware of the potential causes and symptoms of shortness of breath, you can protect your health and prevent any potential complications.

 Shortness of Breath: "Breathless? Don't Ignore This Warning Sign"

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Михаела Василева

General-information-about-licorice

General information about licorice 

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Licorice, also called liquorice or liquorice, is a perennial herbaceous plant. It is grown mainly in Greece, Turkey and Western Asia. It has been used since ancient times as an expectorant that helps clear excess mucus from the upper and lower respiratory tract.&nbsp;

Licorice root may have powerful antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial effects. Early research suggests that as a result, it can relieve upper respiratory infections, relieve some stomach problems, menstrual pain, and more. The plant has potential in the field of anticancer therapies, which needs more research in humans.&nbsp; It is important to know the possible side effects of an overdose, as well as the contraindications to intake described in the article.&nbsp;