Epilepsy is a group of neurological disorders characterized by recurrent epileptic seizures. Epileptic seizures are episodes that can vary from brief and nearly undetectable periods to long periods of vigorous shaking. These episodes can result in physical injuries, including occasionally broken bones. In epilepsy, seizures have a tendency to recur and, as a rule, have no immediate underlying cause. Isolated seizures that are provoked by a specific cause such as poisoning are not deemed to represent ...

epilepsy

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What-is-the-Ketogenic-Diet?

 What is the Ketogenic Diet?

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The ketogenic diet is a low-carb, high-fat, and moderate-protein diet that has gained popularity in recent years for its weight loss and health benefits. The primary goal of the ketogenic diet is to induce a metabolic state known as ketosis, in which the body uses ketones produced from fat breakdown as the primary source of energy, rather than glucose from carbohydrates.

Potential-Health-Benefits

 Potential Health Benefits

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<ol><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Weight loss: The ketogenic diet has been shown to be an effective tool for weight loss. By reducing carbohydrate intake, the body is forced to burn fat for fuel, which can result in significant weight loss (1).</li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Type 2 diabetes: A ketogenic diet can help regulate blood sugar levels, as it lowers the amount of glucose in the bloodstream. This can be particularly beneficial for individuals with type 2 diabetes, and some studies have shown that it can even help reverse the disease (2).</li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Epilepsy: The ketogenic diet was originally developed in the 1920s as a treatment for epilepsy, and it continues to be an effective therapy for children and adults with drug-resistant epilepsy (3).</li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Neurodegenerative diseases: Research suggests that the ketogenic diet may have a protective effect on the brain, potentially reducing the risk of neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's (4).</li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Cancer: Preliminary research indicates that a ketogenic diet may slow the growth of cancer cells and improve the efficacy of conventional cancer treatments (5).</li></ol>

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(1)Paoli, A., Rubini, A., Volek, J. S., & Grimaldi, K. A. (2013). Beyond weight loss: a review of the therapeutic uses of very-low-carbohydrate (ketogenic) diets. European Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 67(8), 789–796. https://doi.org/10.1038/ejcn.2013.116
(2)Hallberg, S. J., McKenzie, A. L., Williams, P. T., Bhanpuri, N. H., Peters, A. L., Campbell, W. W., Hazbun, T. L., Volk, B. M., McCarter, J. P., Phinney, S. D., & Volek, J. S. (2018). Effectiveness and safety of a novel care model for the management of type 2 diabetes at 1 year: An open-label, non-randomized, controlled study. Diabetes Therapy, 9(2), 583–612. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13300-018-0373-9
(3)Neal, E. G., Chaffe, H., Schwartz, R. H., Lawson, M. S., Edwards, N., Fitzsimmons, G., Whitney, A., & Cross, J. H. (2008). The ketogenic diet for the treatment of childhood epilepsy: a randomised controlled trial. The Lancet Neurology, 7(6), 500–506. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1474-4422(08)70092-9
(4)Kashiwaya, Y., Takeshima, T., Mori, N., Nakashima, K., Clarke, K., & Veech, R. L. (2000). D-β-Hydroxybutyrate protects neurons in models of Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s disease. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 97(10),

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Delicious-Keto-Recipes

 Delicious Keto Recipes

Keto-Avocado-and-Egg-Salad

Keto Avocado and Egg Salad

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<ul><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">2 ripe avocados</li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">4 hard-boiled eggs</li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">&frac14; cup mayonnaise</li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">2 tablespoons chopped fresh cilantro</li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">1 tablespoon lime juice</li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Salt and pepper to taste</li></ul>&nbsp;

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<ol><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Peel and dice the avocados and hard-boiled eggs.</li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">In a large bowl, combine the avocados, eggs, mayonnaise, cilantro, and lime juice.</li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Season with salt and pepper to taste.</li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Mix well and serve chilled.</li></ol>

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Keto-Chicken-and-Spinach-Alfredo

Keto Chicken and Spinach Alfredo

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<ul><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">1 lb boneless, skinless chicken breasts</li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">2 cups spinach</li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">1 cup heavy cream</li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">1 cup grated Parmesan cheese</li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">2 tablespoons butter</li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Salt and pepper to taste</li></ul>&nbsp;

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<ol><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Season chicken breasts with salt and pepper.</li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">In a large skillet, melt butter and cook chicken breasts until fully cooked.</li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Remove chicken from skillet and set aside.</li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">In the same skillet, add heavy cream and bring to a simmer.</li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Stir in Parmesan cheese until fully incorporated.</li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Add spinach and cook until wilted.</li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Return chicken to skillet and cook for an additional 2-3 minutes to reheat.</li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Serve hot.</li></ol>

Questions-and-Answers

Questions and Answers

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Q: How long does it take to enter ketosis?

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A: It typically takes 2-4 days to enter ketosis, depending on individual factors such as metabolism, exercise, and carbohydrate intake.

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Q: Can I exercise while on the ketogenic diet?

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A: Yes, you can exercise while following a ketogenic diet. However, you may need to adjust your workout routine and intensity, especially during the initial stages of the diet when your body is adapting to using fat for fuel.

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Q: Is the ketogenic diet suitable for vegetarians or vegans?

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A: Although the ketogenic diet is typically high in animal products, it is possible to follow a vegetarian or vegan version by focusing on plant-based fats, such as avocados, nuts, seeds, and plant-based oils, and consuming adequate amounts of plant-based protein sources like tofu and tempeh.

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Q: Are there any side effects of the ketogenic diet?

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A: Some people may experience side effects during the initial stages of the diet, known as the "keto flu." Symptoms may include headache, fatigue, dizziness, and gastrointestinal discomfort. However, these side effects usually subside within a few days as the body adapts to the new way of producing energy.

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Q: Can I drink alcohol on the ketogenic diet?

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A: Consuming moderate amounts of low-carb alcoholic beverages, such as dry wine or spirits with no added sugars, is generally acceptable on the ketogenic diet. However, it's essential to be mindful of the additional calories and potential impact on ketosis when consuming alcohol.

The ketogenic diet is a low-carb, high-fat, and moderate-protein diet that offers numerous health benefits, including weight loss, improved blood sugar control, and potential protection against neurodegenerative diseases. By following a ketogenic diet and incorporating delicious recipes such as Keto Avocado and Egg Salad and Keto Chicken and Spinach Alfredo, you can enjoy a healthier lifestyle while satisfying your taste buds.

The Complete Guide to the Ketogenic Diet: How to Lose Weight and Improve Health

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The Complete Guide to the Ketogenic Diet: How to Lose Weight and Impro

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What-is-Epilepsy?

What is Epilepsy?

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Epilepsy is a chronic neurological disorder characterized by recurrent, unprovoked seizures. It affects approximately 65 million people worldwide, making it one of the most common neurological disorders globally. Seizures occur when there is a sudden surge of electrical activity in the brain, disrupting its normal functioning. Epilepsy can manifest in various forms, with different types of seizures, causes, symptoms, and risk factors.

Causes,-Symptoms,-and-Risk-Factors

Causes, Symptoms, and Risk Factors

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Epilepsy can have many different causes, including genetic factors, brain injury, infections, and developmental disorders. In many cases, the exact cause remains unknown. Symptoms of epilepsy can vary greatly, with some individuals experiencing mild seizures that are barely noticeable, while others have severe seizures that can cause unconsciousness and convulsions. Risk factors for developing epilepsy include a family history of the condition, head injuries, infections, and a history of febrile seizures during childhood.

The-Science-Behind-CBD-and-Epilepsy-Treatment

The Science Behind CBD and Epilepsy Treatment


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Cannabidiol (CBD) is a non-psychoactive compound found in the cannabis plant. Unlike its more famous cousin, delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), CBD does not produce a "high." In recent years, there has been a growing body of scientific research suggesting that CBD may hold the key to revolutionizing epilepsy treatment.

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One groundbreaking study that paved the way for CBD's role in epilepsy treatment was published in The New England Journal of Medicine in 2017. This randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial involved 120 children and young adults with Dravet syndrome, a severe form of epilepsy. The study found that those who received CBD experienced a 39% reduction in seizure frequency, compared to a 13% reduction in the placebo group.

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Following this study, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved Epidiolex, a CBD-based drug, in 2018 for the treatment of two severe forms of epilepsy: Dravet syndrome and Lennox-Gastaut syndrome. Since then, numerous studies have continued to explore the potential of CBD in treating various types of epilepsy, and the results have been overwhelmingly positive.

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Easy-to-Make-CBD-Recipes

Easy-to-Make CBD Recipes

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As CBD becomes more widely accepted, it is now available in various forms, such as oils, tinctures, and edibles. For those looking to incorporate CBD into their daily routine, here are some simple recipes:

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<ol><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">CBD-infused smoothie: Add a few drops of CBD oil to your favorite smoothie recipe for a healthy and delicious way to enjoy the benefits of CBD.</li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">CBD-infused salad dressing: Combine CBD oil with olive oil, vinegar, and your choice of herbs and spices for a tasty, nutrient-rich salad dressing.</li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">CBD-infused tea: Add a few drops of CBD oil to your favorite herbal tea for a soothing and relaxing beverage.</li></ol>

Allergy-Note-and-Medical-Advice

Allergy Note and Medical Advice

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As with any new supplement, it's essential to be aware of potential allergies. If you suspect an allergic reaction to CBD, consult a healthcare professional immediately. Always talk to your doctor before starting any CBD regimen, especially if you're already taking medication for epilepsy.

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Q: Is CBD safe for children with epilepsy?

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A: The FDA has approved Epidiolex, a CBD-based drug, for the treatment of two severe forms of epilepsy in children aged 2 years and older. However, it is crucial to consult with a healthcare professional before starting any CBD regimen for a child.

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Q: Can CBD completely cure epilepsy?

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A: While CBD has shown significant promise in reducing seizure frequency and severity, it is not a complete cure for epilepsy. However, it can greatly improve the quality of life for those living with the condition.

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Q: Are there any side effects of using CBD for epilepsy?

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A: &nbsp;Some common side effects of CBD include drowsiness, diarrhea, and changes in appetite. However, these side effects are generally mild and manageable. It is essential to discuss any potential side effects with a healthcare professional before starting a CBD regimen.

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Q: Can I use CBD alongside other epilepsy medications?

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A: &nbsp;CBD can interact with certain epilepsy medications, potentially leading to increased side effects or reduced effectiveness. It is crucial to consult with your doctor before combining CBD with other medications.

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Q: Can CBD be used to treat all types of epilepsy?

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A: &nbsp;While CBD has shown promise in treating various forms of epilepsy, more research is needed to determine its effectiveness for all types of the condition. Always consult with a healthcare professional to determine if CBD could be a suitable treatment option for your specific type of epilepsy.

The green miracle of cannabidiol (CBD) is revolutionizing the way epilepsy is treated and managed. With a growing body of scientific research supporting its effectiveness in reducing seizure frequency and severity, CBD offers hope for millions of people living with epilepsy. As an accessible and natural treatment option, CBD has the potential to transform lives and improve the overall quality of life for those affected by this neurological disorder.

The Green Miracle: How Cannabidiol (CBD) is Revolutionizing Epilepsy Treatment and Management

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The Green Miracle: How Cannabidiol (CBD) is Revolutionizing Epilepsy T

What-is-Valerian?

What is Valerian? 

What-is-Valerian?_0_0

What-is-Valerian?_0_1

Valerian (Valeriana officinalis), also known as medicinal dilyanka, is a flowering plant native to Europe and parts of Asia. &nbsp;<a href="https://www.herbal-organic.com/en/herb/15378" target="_blank" data-ref="Valeriana officinalis" rel="noopener">[Ref. 1]</a> Since ancient times, the root of this plant has been used to treat insomnia, nervousness, trembling, headaches and palpitations, as well as other conditions. &nbsp;<a href="https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S2225411015000917" target="_blank" data-ref="Redirecting" rel="noopener">[ref. 2]</a>&nbsp; Valerian flowers have a delicate aroma, often used in perfumes. However, the root of valerian has a very strong earthy smell. This is due to volatile oils and other compounds responsible for its sedative effects.&nbsp;

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There are over 250 species of valerian, but V. officinalis is the most used species in Western countries. Of the others, only two are commonly used for medicinal purposes (the Himalayan V. wallichii and the Mexican V. edulis) &nbsp;<a href="https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-642-60367-9_15?error=cookies_not_supported&amp;code=474bd8be-0609-4d55-8d39-ba35c609be54" target="_blank" data-ref="Valeriana Species" rel="noopener">[ref. 3]</a>&nbsp;. This article focuses on Valeriana officinalis. An interesting fact about this type of plant is that during the Second World War, the Plant Drug Committee of England listed valerian root as one of the most important plants to collect, as it is extremely useful in relieving the stress of air raids.

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Useful compounds in valerian root 

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Valerian consists of many biologically active components that provide its wide-ranging effects. The chemical composition of valerian varies greatly depending on the species, season, geographical source, growing conditions, method of processing and storage. Among the most important beneficial compounds in valerian root are:

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<ol><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Sesquiterpenes of volatile oils such as valeric acid. Valerenoic acid increases levels of GABA, a neurotransmitter that reduces the activity of brain cells. In addition, it has anti-inflammatory effects (by reducing the activity of NF-KappaB).&nbsp;</li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Iridoids. Iridoids (valepotrietes and their derivatives) have sedative effects but are unstable and decay during storage or in water, making their activity more difficult to assess.</li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Alkaloids, which "are perhaps the most powerful group of plant ingredients that act on the human body and mind," according to renowned herbalist David Hoffman. &nbsp;<a href="https://healthy.net/2019/08/26/valerian/" target="_blank" data-ref="Valerian" rel="noopener">[ref. 4]</a>&nbsp;</li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Hesperidin, Linerine and Lignan 4. Hesperidin and linarin are antioxidant flavonoids with sleep-enhancing effects. Hesperidin also has anti-seizure effects.</li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Free amino acids such as γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA), tyrosine, arginine and glutamine. GABA is also found in valerian extracts in amounts sufficient to produce a sedative effect, although it is not known whether it crosses the blood-brain barrier. However, glutamine present in aqueous (but not alcoholic) valerian root extracts can cross the blood-brain barrier and become GABA in animals. &nbsp;<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8573216/" target="_blank" data-ref="In vitro study on the interaction of Valeriana officinalis L. extracts and their amino acids on GABAA receptor in rat brain - PubMed" rel="noopener">[ref. 5]</a>&nbsp;</li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Isovaleric acid, which prevents involuntary muscle contractions. Its action is similar to valproic acid, which is used to treat epilepsy.</li></ol>

Health-Benefits-of-Valerian-Root

Health Benefits of Valerian Root

Valerian-for-insomnia

Valerian for insomnia

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The mild sedative effects of valerian have been used to promote relaxation and sleep for several millennia. Valerian serves to improve sleep by increasing GABA levels. In fact, lower levels of GABA are found in people with short- and long-term stress and are associated with anxiety and poor sleep quality. A meta-analysis of 16 studies and 1,093 people found that valerian improved sleep speed, depth and overall sleep quality. &nbsp;<a href="https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0002934306002750" target="_blank" data-ref="Redirecting" rel="noopener">[ref. 6]</a>&nbsp;

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Valerenoic acid, which is a component of valerian root, has a positive impact on GABA, which is one of the main sedative neurotransmitters. It is associated with improved mood, a sense of calm, improved sleep, help relieve PMS and focus.&nbsp;

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Due to the content of such acids, the main benefit of Valeriana officinalis is the promotion of natural sleep after a few weeks of use, without the risk of dependence or negative health effects. When used correctly, it can serve as a more gentle alternative to common insomnia medications that cause known side effects.&nbsp;

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Valerian for menopausal symptoms 

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In a study of 100 postmenopausal women with sleep disorders, valerian root significantly improved sleep quality after 4 weeks. In another 3-month study of 60 postmenopausal women, valerian was found to significantly improve the severity and frequency of hot flashes in women. 7

Maintaining-serotonin-and-norepinephrine-levels

Maintaining serotonin and norepinephrine levels

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One study found that valerian reduced stress in mice by helping maintain serotonin and norepinephrine in two specific areas of the brain that have been linked to fear and anxiety — the hippocampus and amygdala. The presence of these two neurotransmitters helps to calm excessive activity in the hippocampus/amygdala. However, it is unclear whether the same action is being implemented in humans.

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Valerian for anxiety and depression 

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One study of 2,462 adults with major depressive disorder and anxiety found that high doses of valerian (1,000 mg/day) taken in combination with St. John's wort (bell, cut bile, cut) (600 mg/day) for 6 weeks reduced symptoms of anxiety and depression by 66%. &nbsp;<a href="https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0944711304703487" target="_blank" data-ref="Redirecting" rel="noopener">[ref. 7]</a>&nbsp;

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Preliminary studies suggest that valeric acid may again be the key element that helps reduce anxiety. In a few limited studies, this acid not only showed anti-stress effects, but also did not bind to benzodiazepine receptors in the brain. Studies have shown that these receptors may be responsible for benzodiazepine addiction. However, further studies are needed to clarify the potential benefits of valerian for anxiety and anxiety.

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Valerian in ADHD 

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GABA deficiency has a role in anxiety, anxiety, and obsessive behavior, and these are symptoms commonly seen with ADHD.

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In one study of 30 children aged 5 to 11, valerian (taken 3 times a day for 2 weeks) improved symptoms of ADHD (prolonged inattention and impulsivity and/or hyperactivity). These positive effects disappear a week after discontinuation of the use of valerian.

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In another 7-week study of 169 children with hyperactivity and difficulty concentrating (but not meeting the criteria for ADHD), the combination of valerian and lemon balm reduced symptoms of anxiety, difficulty concentrating, and impulsivity. 9

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Valerian during cancer and HIV treatment 

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There is a limited number of data in a small study that valerian improves insomnia and well-being in people undergoing cancer treatment. Contrary to popular belief, valerian does not interact with cancer drugs in this case. 10 However, more in-depth studies need to be done in this direction.

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Risks and side effects when taking valerian root 

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Valerian is generally safe when taken for 4 to 8 weeks by healthy adults at the recommended doses. There are no data on long-term safety. In very rare cases, it can cause mild side effects, such as:

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<ul><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Headache</li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Digestive disorder</li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Emotional changes</li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Dry mouth</li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Problems with thinking</li></ul>

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Dosage of valerian root 

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The correct dosage of valerian root depends on the condition you are treating. When taking a valerian supplement specifically for insomnia, between 300 and 600 milligrams is recommended approximately 30 to 120 minutes before bedtime. Valerian root comes in several different forms, including powdered extracts, capsules, liquid, or as a dried herb used in tea.&nbsp;

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If you use valerian root for sleep, try soaking 3 grams of dried leaves in approximately 1 cup of hot water for 15 minutes. Remove the root and you can consume the drink. The active ingredients in valerian root will help you prepare for sleep by signaling to the brain that it's time to sleep.

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If you take valerian root to relieve anxiety symptoms, the dose is slightly changed. Between 120 and 200 milligrams are recommended three times a day.

Recipes-for-the-use-of-valerian-root

Recipes for the use of valerian root

Recipe-for-valerian-root-tea

Recipe for valerian root tea 

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The necessary ingredients are:

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<ul><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">1 tsp. valerian root</li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">470 ml. water, freshly boiled</li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">2 tablespoons honey</li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">1 tsp lemon juice</li></ul>Instructions for preparation:

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<ol><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Soak the root of valerian for 2 to 3 minutes, then remove it.</li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Use any fine tea strainer, tea infuser or tea bag filler.</li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Sweeten with honey and a pinch of lemon juice.</li></ol>

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Tincture of valerian for headaches and stress 

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This tincture of valerian is an aid that you should have in your home medicine cabinet. The natural soothing and relaxing action of the herb can quickly and effectively help you get rid of stress headaches. For those who prefer alcohol-free tinctures, vodka can be replaced with vinegar or vegetable glycerin, although alcohols are more suitable.&nbsp;

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For stress headaches, take a few drops of this valerian tincture every hour until the symptoms disappear. Valerian tincture is very powerful and should be used in moderation.

As one of the most well-known herbal remedies for anxiety, people around the world use valerian to combat insomnia, anxiety, stress, and other health problems. Some of these effects are due to the beneficial components contained in valerian, which can be used in the form of powdered extracts, capsules, dried herb and others.&nbsp;