Liver failure  is the inability of the liver to perform its normal synthetic and metabolic functions as part of normal physiology. Two forms are recognised, acute and chronic (cirrhosis). Recently, a third form of liver failure known as acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF) is increasingly being recognized.

Acute liver failure is defined as 'the rapid development of hepatocellular dysfunction, specifically coagulopathy and mental status changes (encephalopathy) in a patient without known prior liver ...

liver failure

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Symptoms

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High prothrombin time can be associated with various symptoms, including:

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<ul><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Excessive bleeding from minor injuries</li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Easy bruising</li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Prolonged nosebleeds</li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Heavy menstrual periods</li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Blood in urine or stool</li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Fatigue</li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Joint pain</li></ul>

Possible-causes-and-relevant-healthcare-professionals

Possible causes and relevant healthcare professionals

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High prothrombin time may be caused by several diseases and conditions, including:

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1. Liver disease:

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<ul><li>Reduced liver function can lead to abnormal blood clotting</li><li>Consult a hepatologist or gastroenterologist</li></ul>2. Vitamin K deficiency:

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<ul><li>Vitamin K is crucial for proper blood clotting</li><li>Consult a primary care physician or nutritionist</li></ul>3. Disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC):

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<ul><li>A severe condition causing abnormal blood clotting and bleeding</li><li>Consult a hematologist</li></ul>4. Hereditary clotting factor deficiencies:

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<ul><li>Hemophilia A, B, or C and von Willebrand disease</li><li>Consult a hematologist or genetic counselor</li></ul>5. Anticoagulant therapy:

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<ul><li>Blood-thinning medications can increase prothrombin time</li><li>Consult a primary care physician or cardiologist</li></ul>

Possible-side-effects-of-medical-Ddrugs

Possible side effects of medical Ddrugs

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Some medications can cause high prothrombin time, including:

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<ul><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Warfarin (Coumadin)</li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Heparin</li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Dabigatran (Pradaxa)</li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Rivaroxaban (Xarelto)</li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Apixaban (Eliquis)</li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Edoxaban (Savaysa)</li></ul>

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Herbal-and-natural-treatments

Herbal and natural treatments

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Several herbs may help manage high prothrombin time:

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Chamomile (Matricaria chamomilla):

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<ul><li>May help reduce inflammation and support liver health</li><li>Antispasmodic effects can help alleviate menstrual pain</li></ul>&nbsp;

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Milk thistle (Silybum marianum):

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<ul><li>Promotes liver health and detoxification</li><li>Antioxidant properties</li></ul>&nbsp;

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<ul><li>Improves blood circulation</li><li>Antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties</li></ul>&nbsp;

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Turmeric (Curcuma longa):

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<ul><li>Contains curcumin, which has anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects</li><li>Supports liver health</li></ul>&nbsp;

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Vitamin K-rich foods:

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<ul><li>Green leafy vegetables, such as kale and spinach</li><li>Cruciferous vegetables, such as broccoli and Brussels sprouts</li></ul>

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Lifestyle-changes

Lifestyle changes

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To help manage high prothrombin time, consider these lifestyle changes:

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<ul><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Eat a balanced diet rich in vitamin K</li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Limit alcohol consumption</li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Exercise regularly</li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Maintain a healthy weight</li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Avoid smoking</li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Manage stress through relaxation techniques, such as meditation or yoga</li></ul>

Questions-and-Answers

Questions and Answers

Below-are-ten-frequently-asked-questions-that-are-not-covered-in-the-article:

Below are ten frequently asked questions that are not covered in the article:

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Q: How is prothrombin time measured?

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A: Prothrombin time is measured in seconds and is a blood test that evaluates how quickly your blood clots. It is often used to monitor the effectiveness of anticoagulant medications and to diagnose clotting disorders.

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Q: What is a normal prothrombin time range?

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A: Normal prothrombin time ranges may vary slightly between laboratories, but generally, a normal range is between 11 and 13.5 seconds. Your healthcare provider will interpret your results based on the specific laboratory values and your medical history.

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Q: Can high prothrombin time lead to a stroke or heart attack?

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A: High prothrombin time indicates a slower clotting process, which may increase the risk of bleeding. It does not directly cause a stroke or heart attack. However, an underlying condition causing high prothrombin time, such as liver disease or blood clotting disorders, might indirectly increase the risk of such events.

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Q: Are there any foods I should avoid if I have a high prothrombin time?

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A: If you are taking anticoagulant medications, it's essential to maintain consistent vitamin K intake. Sudden changes in your diet, such as consuming large amounts of vitamin K-rich foods, can affect the efficacy of your medication. Consult your healthcare provider for personalized dietary recommendations.

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Q: Is it safe to take herbal supplements if I am on anticoagulant medications?

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A: Some herbal supplements may interact with anticoagulant medications, increasing the risk of bleeding. Always consult your healthcare provider before starting any new herbal supplements, especially if you are on blood-thinning medications.

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Q: Can I exercise if I have a high prothrombin time?

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A: Yes, exercise is generally safe and beneficial for individuals with high prothrombin time. However, it's essential to avoid contact sports or activities with a high risk of injury, as this may increase the risk of bleeding. Consult your healthcare provider for appropriate exercise recommendations.

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Q: Will my high prothrombin time resolve on its own, or do I need medical intervention?

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A: High prothrombin time may resolve if the underlying cause is treated. In some cases, medical intervention may be necessary, such as adjusting anticoagulant medication dosages or treating liver disease. Always consult your healthcare provider for proper management and treatment.

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Q: How often should I have my prothrombin time tested?

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A: The frequency of prothrombin time testing depends on your medical condition and treatment plan. Your healthcare provider will recommend the appropriate testing schedule based on your specific needs.

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Q: Can pregnancy affect prothrombin time?

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A: Pregnancy can cause changes in blood clotting factors, which may affect prothrombin time. If you are pregnant or planning to become pregnant, inform your healthcare provider, who will monitor your prothrombin time and make any necessary adjustments to your treatment plan.

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Q: Is there a connection between high prothrombin time and anemia?

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A: Anemia and high prothrombin time are not directly related, but both can be caused by some underlying conditions, such as liver disease or vitamin deficiencies. If you suspect you have anemia or a clotting disorder, consult your healthcare provider for proper diagnosis and treatment.

High prothrombin time can be a cause for concern, but by understanding the risks and implementing proper management techniques, you can take control of your health. Remember to consult a healthcare professional before making any significant changes to your treatment plan. Stay informed about the symptoms, causes, potential drug side effects, and natural treatments to make the best decisions for your well-being. Embrace lifestyle changes that support a healthy, balanced life.

High Prothrombin Time: Understanding the Risks and Management

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Symptoms-associated-with-low-creatinine-levels

Symptoms associated with low creatinine levels

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Some common symptoms of low creatinine levels include:

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<ul><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Fatigue</li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Muscle weakness</li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Unintentional weight loss</li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Difficulty concentrating</li></ul>

Causes-of-Low-Creatinine-Levels-and-Relevant-Healthcare-Professionals

Causes of Low Creatinine Levels and Relevant Healthcare Professionals

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<ul><li>Hepatitis, cirrhosis, or liver failure can lead to low creatinine levels</li><li>Consult a hepatologist or gastroenterologist for diagnosis and treatment</li></ul>Malnutrition:

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<ul><li>Poor diet and lack of essential nutrients can result in low creatinine levels</li><li>Consult a nutritionist or dietitian for dietary recommendations</li></ul>Muscular Dystrophy:

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<ul><li>A group of genetic diseases causing progressive muscle weakness and loss of muscle mass</li><li>Consult a neurologist for diagnosis and treatment</li></ul>Aging:

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<ul><li>Natural loss of muscle mass and strength due to aging can lead to low creatinine levels</li><li>Consult a geriatrician or primary care physician for age-related health concerns</li></ul>Pregnancy:

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<ul><li>Increased blood volume during pregnancy can dilute creatinine levels</li><li>Consult an obstetrician or gynecologist for prenatal care</li></ul>

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Side-effects-of-drugs-that-can-cause-low-creatinine-levels

Side effects of drugs that can cause low creatinine levels

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<ul><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Statins: cholesterol-lowering drugs</li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors: blood pressure medications</li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs): pain relievers such as ibuprofen</li></ul>

Herbal-and-natural-remedies-for-low-creatinine-levels:

Herbal and natural remedies for low creatinine levels:

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Echinacea (Echinacea purpurea):

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<ul><li>Supports immune system function</li><li>May help improve liver function</li></ul>Milk Thistle (Silybum marianum):

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<ul><li>Contains silymarin, a powerful antioxidant</li><li>Promotes liver health and regeneration</li></ul>Astragalus (Astragalus membranaceus):

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<ul><li>May increase energy levels and improve muscle strength</li><li>Supports immune system function</li></ul>Ashwagandha (Withania somnifera):

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<ul><li>Adaptogenic herb that helps the body adapt to stress</li><li>May promote muscle growth and strength</li></ul>

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Lifestyle-Changes-to-Improve-Creatinine-Levels

Lifestyle Changes to Improve Creatinine Levels

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<ul><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Consume a balanced diet with adequate protein intake</li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Engage in regular exercise to maintain muscle mass</li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Stay hydrated to ensure proper kidney function</li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Avoid excessive alcohol consumption</li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Get adequate sleep and manage stress levels</li></ul>

Questions and Answers 

Q: Can dehydration cause low creatinine levels?

A: Dehydration can cause an increase in creatinine levels, not a decrease.

Q: Is creatinine level related to kidney function?

A: Yes, creatinine levels are used to evaluate kidney function, but low creatinine levels typically do not indicate kidney problems.

Q: Can high protein intake cause low creatinine levels?

A: High protein intake may result in increased creatinine levels. Low creatinine levels are more likely due to low protein intake or other factors mentioned in the article.

Q: Are low creatinine levels in urine the same as low creatinine levels in blood?

A: No, low creatinine levels in urine might indicate a kidney problem, while low creatinine levels in blood are more likely related to muscle mass or liver function.

Q: How often should I check my creatinine levels?

A: Consult your healthcare provider for personalized recommendations. Regular check-ups are advisable, especially if you have any risk factors or are experiencing symptoms.

Q: Can stress cause low creatinine levels?

A: While stress itself is unlikely to directly cause low creatinine levels, it may contribute to factors that lead to low creatinine levels, such as muscle loss or malnutrition.

Q: Are low creatinine levels dangerous?

A: Low creatinine levels are not inherently dangerous, but they may be indicative of underlying health issues that need to be addressed.

Q: Can low creatinine levels cause fatigue?

A: Fatigue can be a symptom of low creatinine levels, as it may be related to the underlying causes, such as liver disease or malnutrition.

Q: Can I improve my creatinine levels with supplements?

A: Consult your healthcare provider before starting any new supplements. While some supplements may help address underlying causes of low creatinine levels, it is essential to identify the specific cause to ensure appropriate treatment.

Q: Are there any foods I should avoid if I have low creatinine levels?

A: There are no specific foods that you need to avoid. However, it is essential to consume a balanced diet with adequate protein and nutrients to support overall health and potentially improve creatinine levels.

Low creatinine levels can be caused by various factors, including liver disease, malnutrition, muscular dystrophy, aging, and pregnancy. Certain medications can also contribute to this condition. Herbal and natural treatments, along with lifestyle changes, can help improve creatinine levels and overall health. Consult the appropriate medical professional for diagnosis and treatment.

 Low Creatinine Levels: Causes and Concerns

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Author: Rositsa Tashkova, Master of Molecular Biology and Microbiology

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About 2 million people worldwide die each year from liver disease. Unfortunately, the awareness of the deterioration of the liver comes only when it’s too late and symptoms are already showing. This makes preventive examinations especially important.

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The most common diseases of this organ are viral hepatitis (hepatitis B and C), cirrhosis, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NSCLC), steatosis, fibrosis, alcoholic liver disease (alcoholic hepatitis), liver cancer, liver failure. Not everyone knows that elevated blood cholesterol levels are also directly related to the liver.

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The liver is the main purifying organ in our body - it has the task of neutralizing toxins and harmful substances that enter the blood. This makes it particularly sensitive to the use of drugs and herbs, especially in some diseases. Therefore, consultation with your doctor is mandatory before you start taking any herb for liver problems to avoid potential hepatotoxicity and additional damage to this extremely important organ.

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IIn this article we will look at herbs that have been shown to help with some liver diseases:

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<ul>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Chronic hepatitis</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Fatty liver disease (hepatic steatosis)</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Cirrhosis</li>
</ul>

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Most of the information is taken from the scientific article "Current Status of Herbal Medicines in Chronic Liver Disease Therapy: The Biological Effects, Molecular Targets and Future Prospects", published in 2016 in the International Journal of Molecular Sciences.&nbsp;[<a href="https://www.bioseek.eu/en/eng/research/pubmed/Current_Status_of_Herbal_Medicines_in_Chronic_Liver_Disease_Therapy_The_Biological_Effects_Molecular_Targets_and_Future_Prospects_26633388" target="_blank" rel="noopener">ref.1</a>]

liver failure

Low Creatinine Levels: Causes and Concerns

The liver does not hurt. Which are the herbs that can improve its health in the case of hepatitis, steatosis, and cirrhosis