Macular degeneration, also known as age-related macular degeneration (AMD or ARMD), is a medical condition which may result in blurred or no vision in the center of the visual field. Early on there are often no symptoms. Over time, however, some people experience a gradual worsening of vision that may affect one or both eyes. While it does not result in complete blindness, loss of central vision can make it hard to recognize faces, drive, read, or perform other activities of daily life. Visual hallucinations ...

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Causes,-Symptoms,-and-Risk-Factors-of-Age-Related-Macular-Degeneration

Causes, Symptoms, and Risk Factors of Age-Related Macular Degeneration

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Age-related macular degeneration is a common eye condition that affects the macula, a small area near the center of the retina responsible for sharp central vision. As we age, the macula begins to deteriorate, leading to a gradual loss of vision. There are two types of AMD: dry AMD, which is the most common, and wet AMD, which is more severe but less common.

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Symptoms of AMD include blurred or distorted vision, difficulty recognizing faces, and trouble seeing in low light conditions. Risk factors for the disease include age, smoking, genetics, and a diet low in antioxidants and certain nutrients.

The-Ginkgo-Biloba-Connection

The Ginkgo Biloba Connection

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Ginkgo Biloba has long been used in traditional Chinese medicine, primarily for its cognitive-enhancing properties. However, recent scientific research has shed light on its potential in the fight against AMD. A study conducted by the University of Maryland Medical Center found that the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties of Ginkgo Biloba can help protect retinal cells and slow the progression of AMD.

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This research is further supported by a study published in the Journal of Ethnopharmacology, which found that the bioactive compounds present in Ginkgo Biloba leaves, such as flavonoids and terpenoids, contribute to its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. These compounds may help neutralize the damaging effects of free radicals and oxidative stress, which are known contributors to the development and progression of AMD.

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Incorporating-Ginkgo-Biloba-into-Your-Diet

Incorporating Ginkgo Biloba into Your Diet

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While Ginkgo Biloba supplements are readily available, incorporating the plant into your diet can be a fun and delicious way to reap its benefits. Here are a few easy-to-make recipes that include Ginkgo Biloba:

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<ol><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Ginkgo Nut Rice Pudding: Cook rice with milk, sugar, and a pinch of salt. Stir in ginkgo nuts, raisins, and a dash of cinnamon for a tasty dessert.</li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Ginkgo Tea: Steep dried Ginkgo Biloba leaves in hot water for 5-10 minutes. Strain and enjoy a soothing cup of tea.</li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Ginkgo Biloba Stir Fry: Saut&eacute; your favorite vegetables with ginkgo nuts, garlic, ginger, and soy sauce for a healthy and flavorful side dish.</li></ol>

Allergy-Note-and-Medical-Advice

Allergy Note and Medical Advice

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It is essential to keep in mind that Ginkgo Biloba may cause allergic reactions in some individuals. Always consult your healthcare provider before incorporating any new supplement or ingredient into your diet, especially if you have a known allergy or are taking medications.

Questions-and-Answers

Questions and Answers

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Q: Can Ginkgo Biloba help with other eye conditions?

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A: While the research on Ginkgo Biloba primarily focuses on its effects on AMD, its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties may potentially benefit other eye conditions, such as glaucoma and diabetic retinopathy. However, more research is needed to establish its effectiveness in treating these conditions.

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Q: Are there any side effects associated with Ginkgo Biloba consumption?

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A: Ginkgo Biloba is generally considered safe for most people. However, some individuals may experience mild side effects such as headache, dizziness, or gastrointestinal issues. It is always recommended to consult your healthcare provider before starting any new supplement or dietary change.

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Q: Can I use Ginkgo Biloba supplements instead of incorporating it into my diet?

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A: Yes, Ginkgo Biloba supplements are a convenient alternative for those who prefer not to incorporate the plant into their meals. Ensure that you choose a high-quality supplement and follow the recommended dosage as advised by your healthcare provider.

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Q: How long does it take for Ginkgo Biloba to show its effects on AMD?

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A: The effects of Ginkgo Biloba on AMD may vary from person to person, depending on factors such as age, the severity of the condition, and overall health. It is essential to maintain a consistent intake of Ginkgo Biloba, either through diet or supplements, to maximize its potential benefits.

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Q: Can Ginkgo Biloba prevent AMD from developing in the first place?

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A: Although Ginkgo Biloba has shown promise in slowing the progression of AMD, there is currently no concrete evidence to suggest that it can prevent the onset of the disease. However, maintaining a healthy lifestyle, including a diet rich in antioxidants and other essential nutrients, can help reduce the risk of developing AMD.

The ancient Ginkgo Biloba tree may hold the key to slowing down the progression of age-related macular degeneration, a leading cause of vision loss in the elderly. With its potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, Ginkgo Biloba has shown promise in protecting retinal cells and combating the damaging effects of oxidative stress. By incorporating Ginkgo Biloba into your diet, you may be taking a significant step in preserving your eyesight and maintaining a healthy lifestyle.

Harnessing Ginkgo Biloba: A New Frontier in the Battle Against Age-Related Macular Degeneration

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Harnessing Ginkgo Biloba: A New Frontier in the Battle Against Age-Rel

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Nutritional-Facts-and-Health-Benefits-of-Spinach

Nutritional Facts and Health Benefits of Spinach 

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Spinach (Spinacia oleracea) is a leafy green vegetable that originated in Persia. It belongs to the amaranth family and is associated with beets and quinoa. Moreover, it is considered a very healthy food, as it is rich in nutrients and antioxidants, strengthening the body's defenses.

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There are many ways to prepare spinach. You can buy it canned or fresh and consume it boiled or raw. It is delicious both alone and in other dishes, and you can add it to a morning healthy breakfast smoothie.&nbsp;

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The nutritional facts about 100 grams of raw spinach are:

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<ul><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Calories: 23</li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Water: 91%</li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Protein: 2.9 grams</li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Carbohydrates: 3.6 grams</li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Sugar: 0.4 grams</li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Fibre: 2.2 grams</li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Fat: 0.4 grams</li></ul>Spinach as a superfood is full of some extremely important nutrients for health, including:

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<ul><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Calcium: Spinach is said to contain 250 milligrams of calcium in one cup. This element supports bones and teeth. In addition, to get the most out of spinach, it is recommended to combine it with foods rich in vitamin C, such as citrus fruits, to increase calcium absorption.</li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Magnesium: Magnesium is thought to boost your metabolism, regulate your heart rate, and maintain blood pressure. Spinach is a rich source of dietary magnesium, which can benefit your health in many ways.</li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Iron: Your body needs iron to use your body energy efficiently. To get the most out of your iron content, you can add some vitamin C foods like citrus fruits to spinach and improve iron absorption.</li></ul>

Health-Benefits-Provided-by-Spinach

Health Benefits Provided by Spinach 

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Reduces-blood-sugar

Reduces blood sugar 

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It is believed that spinach has a high content of potassium, which is usually recommended for people suffering from high blood pressure. So how is potassium useful for a person suffering from high blood pressure? First of all, potassium reduces the effects of sodium in the body. 1

Supports-good-bone-health

Supports good bone health

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Spinach contains vitamin K, which helps with good bone health. It also improves the absorption of calcium by the body. Spinach contains 250 milligrams of calcium per cup and this is very good for your bones and teeth.

Helps-with-weight-loss

Helps with weight loss 

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If you plan to lose weight, then it is advisable to add spinach to your weight loss diet. Spinach leaves help with weight loss and are also low in calories. The high fiber content also helps with good digestion, regulates low blood sugar and prevents constipation.&nbsp;

Useful-for-vision

Useful for vision 

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The antioxidants found in spinach are lutein and zeaxanthin, and they help maintain good vision. It also protects the eyes from cataracts, age-related macular degeneration and other eye problems. The vitamin A contained in spinach helps maintain mucous membranes, which are essential for normal vision. &nbsp;<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7933422/" target="_blank" data-ref="Dietary carotenoids, vitamins A, C, and E, and advanced age-related macular degeneration. Eye Disease Case-Control Study Group - PubMed" rel="noopener">[ref. 1]</a>&nbsp;

Reduces-hypertension

Reduces hypertension 

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Hypertension is also known as high blood pressure, which is responsible for causing many heart disease, kidney disease, and strokes. Eating spinach can prevent all these risks and reduce the risk of developing them. 3

Support-for-the-nervous-system

Support for the nervous system

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Spinach is a source of zinc and magnesium, which are important for you to sleep well at night. And a good night's sleep is crucial for good health and a normally functioning nervous system. The vitamin K contained in spinach helps a healthy nervous system, among other elements.

Keeps-the-brain-in-good-shape

Keeps the brain in good shape

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Spinach helps the smooth functioning of the brain, especially in old age. In this way, regular consumption of this vegetable will keep your brain active and with normal function.

Strengthens-immunity

Strengthens immunity  

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It is claimed that the vitamin A content found in spinach strengthens entry points into the human body, such as the respiratory, intestinal tract and mucous membranes. If you consume one cup of spinach every day, you will also get this benefit.&nbsp;

Prevents-anemia

Prevents anemia 

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Spinach has a high iron content in it, which can protect you from developing anemia. Iron is also useful for menstruating women, children and adults. Iron also boosts energy in the human body and helps carry oxygen to all cells of the body.

Prevents-the-development-of-cancer

Prevents the development of cancer 

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Spinach is an excellent source of zeaxanthin and carotenoids, which can expel free radicals from the body. These free radicals make your body prone to many diseases, including cancer, and as a result, spinach is believed to prevent cancer.&nbsp;

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There is evidence that diets rich in vegetables reduce the risk of cancer, suggesting edible plants as potential sources of anti-cancer agents. Spinach plays an important role in the supply of nutrients as it is a superb source of vitamin K, vitamin A, manganese, magnesium, folic acid, iron, vitamin C, vitamin B2 and potassium and includes a lot of dietary fiber, vitamin B6, vitamin E and omega-3 fatty acid acids.&nbsp;

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In addition, spinach includes essential antioxidants from carotenoids and polyphenols, which exhibit anti-cancer properties. Spinach has at least three other important anti-cancer components, including:

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<ul><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Monogalactosyl diacylglycerol (MGDG)</li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Digalactosyl diacylglycerol (DGDG)</li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Sulfoquinosyl diacylglycerol (SQDG)</li></ul>They can slow the growth of cancer. In one study, these compounds helped slow tumor growth in the cervix in humans. They also reduce the size of the tumor. 4 MGDG and SQDG were shown to inhibit the activities of mammalian DNA polymerases, but DGDG had no such inhibitory effect in all studies. The effect of these glycoglycerolipids on cancer cells, angiogenesis and growth of solid tumours can be mediated by their inhibition of replicative DNA polymerase activity.

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Several other human studies have linked spinach consumption to a reduced risk of prostate cancer. Eating this leafy vegetable may also help prevent breast and colon cancer, according to several studies. 5

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A 2016 scientific publication mentions the inhibitory effects of spinach, cabbage and onion extracts on the growth of cancer cells. 6 The results showed that spinach, cabbage and onion extracts inhibited the growth of human gastric AGS, human breast cancer MDA-MB-231 and SK-BR-3 cells by inducing apoptosis. Curiously, in this study, onion extract had a stronger anti-cancer effect and induction of apoptosis than spinach and cabbage extracts.

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Some of the powerful health benefits of spinach are that this vegetable helps stabilize blood glucose levels, helps reduce the risk of developing cancer, protects against cancer, and is beneficial for bone health. A vegetable with so many health benefits is amazing and you will never go wrong with its consumption. Raw, slightly saut&eacute;ed or in a soup, spinach is healthy superfood suitable for any type of diet.

10 Reasons Why Spinach Is Considered a Superfood

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Бетина Цветкова

General-information-about-Ginkgo-Biloba

General information about Ginkgo Biloba 

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Ginkgo, one of the oldest living tree species in the world (some trees in China are over 2,500 years old), has a long history in traditional Chinese medicine. Members of the royal court received ginkgo nuts for senility. Other historically documented uses of ginkgo are for asthma, bronchitis, and kidney and bladder diseases. 1

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Today, ginkgo leaf extract is promoted as a dietary supplement for many conditions, including anxiety, allergies, dementia, eye problems, peripheral artery disease (when plaque buildup narrows the blood vessels that carry blood to the head, organs, and limbs), tinnitus, and other health problems.

Active-ingredients-in-Ginkgo-Biloba

Active ingredients in Ginkgo Biloba 

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Ginkgo biloba has two main active ingredients in different concentrations: terpene lactones (which mostly include ginkgolides and diterpenes) and ginkgo flavone glycosides (which mostly contain ginkethin, bilobethin and sciadopizisin). Most of the studies that investigated the effect of ginkgo biloba used the standardized ginkgo biloba extract (EGb761), which was developed by a German pharmaceutical company in 1964. Flavonoids include quercetin, rutin, kaempferol and isoramnetin. Lactones include ginkgolide A, ginkgolide B, ginkgolide C, bilobalide, and ginggotoxin, lactone, which is structurally related to pyridoxine.&nbsp;

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Numerous pharmacological studies have suggested that it is the terpene trilactones and flavonoids in ginkgo that are responsible for the main pharmacological effects of the extract.&nbsp;

Benefits-of-ginkgo-biloba-for-health

Benefits of ginkgo biloba for health 

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Ginkgo biloba can provide a number of health benefits, including improving cognitive function, supporting blood circulation, relieving leg and joint pain, and more. Traditional uses are wide-ranging, but not all have been confirmed by research, so we will take a detailed look at those for which scientific data are available.

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Most of the positive effects of ginkgo are due to high levels of flavonoids and terpenoids, compounds known for their strong antioxidant effects. Antioxidants fight or neutralize the harmful effects of free radicals. Many of the purported benefits of taking ginkgo have been linked to these antioxidant effects.

Improving-memory-in-dementia-and-Alzheimer's

Improving memory in dementia and Alzheimer's 

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There is some evidence to suggest that ginkgo may help people with dementia, although more research is needed. Benefits may include:

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<ul><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Improved thinking and memory</li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Better social behavior</li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Better ability to perform daily tasks</li></ul>One study found that ginkgo biloba extract, known as EGb 761, was clinically effective in the treatment of Alzheimer's dementia. &nbsp;<a href="https://www.thieme-connect.de/products/ejournals/abstract/10.1055/s-2007-979544" target="_blank" data-ref="Thieme E-Journals - Pharmacopsychiatry / Abstract" rel="noopener">[ref. 1]</a>&nbsp;

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Another study published in JAMA similarly concluded that EGb 761 is safe to use and effective in stabilizing and possibly improving the cognitive and social functioning of dementia patients over a period of 6 and 12 months. 3

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Another study, published in January 2017 in the Journal of Ethnopharmacology, analyzed 12 systematic reviews and concluded that ginkgo has potentially beneficial effects for people with dementia when taken for at least five months. Another systematic review of nine studies found that ginkgo was associated with a delayed decline in cognition, function, and behavior in people with dementia. 4

Heart-disease-and-ginkgo

Heart disease and ginkgo 

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In traditional Chinese medicine, ginkgo seeds have been used to open "channels" of energy to various organ systems, including the kidneys, liver, brain, and lungs. Ginkgo's clear ability to increase blood flow to different parts of the body may be the source of its purported benefits for the heart.

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Some research suggests that ginkgo can have a positive impact on the symptoms of cardiovascular disease. A study published in December 2017 in the journal Stroke and Vascular Neurology looked at 348 people in China with onset of acute ischemic stroke. About half of the participants adhered to a treatment plan with daily ginkgo and aspirin, while those in the other group received only aspirin. After six months, the researchers found that the group taking aspirin in combination with ginkgo did better, and had reduced cognitive and neurological impairment without increasing the incidence of vascular events. 5

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Another study found that taking ginkgo was associated with improved blood circulation in people with coronary artery disease. 6

Ginkgo-for-depression-and-anxiety

Ginkgo for depression and anxiety 

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Little research suggests that ginkgo may play a role in the treatment of psychiatric disorders, including depression and anxiety. A study published in September 2018 in the journal Medicine concluded that ginkgo, as an adjunct treatment to a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor, may help improve depressive symptoms and cognitive function. 7

Anticancer-effects-of-biflavonoids-in-Ginkgo-Biloba

Anticancer effects of biflavonoids in Ginkgo Biloba 

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Previous studies have shown that both G. biloba leaf extract and exocarp extract (GBEE) possess inhibitory effects on various cancer cells. Some monomeric compounds have also been reported to have antiproliferative activity on a variety of cancer cells, including ginkkolic acid, ginkgolide B and several bioflavonoids.

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A newly discovered biflavonoid — amentoflavone 7′′-O-β-d-glucopyranoside — and four known biflavonoids were isolated and identified from male ginkgo flowers by a team of scientists in 2019. Bilobethin and isoginketin are the flavonoids that show better antiproliferative activity on different lines of cancer. 8

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In another study, ginkgo biloba extract inhibited metastasis and ERK/nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) signaling pathway in gastric cancer. 9

Other-potential-benefits-of-ginkgo-with-less-evidence

Other potential benefits of ginkgo with less evidence 

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<ul><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">May support vision and eye health Very few studies have examined how ginkgo is related to vision and eye health. However, the early results are promising. There have been studies in people with glaucoma and age-related macular degeneration, in which after taking ginkgo there is an improvement in vision. More human studies are needed.</li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Can relieve headaches and migraines - In traditional Chinese medicine, ginkgo is a very popular remedy for headaches and migraines. There is very little research on ginkgo's ability to treat headaches. However, depending on the underlying cause of the headache, ginkgo can help.</li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">May improve symptoms of asthma and COPD Some research suggests that ginkgo can improve symptoms of asthma and other inflammatory respiratory diseases such as COPD. This is due to the anti-inflammatory compounds in ginkgo, which can allow a decrease in airway inflammation and an increase in lung capacity.</li></ul>

Are-there-any-contraindications-to-the-use-of-ginkgo?

Are there any contraindications to the use of ginkgo? 

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Ginkgo biloba supplements are generally considered safe when taken in moderation. Side effects of ginkgo can include headache, upset stomach, dizziness, allergic skin reactions. Ginkgo seeds should not be consumed as they can be poisonous.&nbsp;

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Ginkgo biloba is not recommended for children, pregnant or breastfeeding women, people at increased risk of bleeding, people with diabetes, and people prone to seizures.

Ginkgo biloba contains high levels of flavonoids and terpenoids, compounds known for their strong antioxidant effects. Some research suggests that ginkgo supplements may help with dementia and cognitive impairment, heart disease, depression, anxiety, and sexual dysfunction, although more research is needed.&nbsp;

Ginkgo Biloba - Benefits, Intake and Possible Side Effects

Why-vision-is-extremely-important

Why vision is extremely important 

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Our eyes receive light from the world around us and send visual information to the brain. The eyes can see at about 200 degrees in all directions, including in front of you and on the side (peripheral vision). Parts of your eyes work together to allow you to see images, movement, and depth.&nbsp;

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Did you also know that our eyes are adapted to see about 7 million shades of color? About 80% of the information from our surroundings that reaches the brain comes from them. The visual cortex is located at the back of the brain and is the main part that receives, integrates and processes visual information that the retina of the eye transmits.

Eyes are a window into the world that we must protect properly. This actually means providing important nutrients, remedies for different conditions, regular ophthalmic examinations, and eye sun protection all year round. This topic will be increasingly relevant against the background of the thousands of hours we spend in front of computers or mobile screens. It is also important not to forget to give rest to the eyes and to be informed about various eye diseases.