Otitis is a general term for inflammation or infection of the ear, in both humans and other animals.

Otitis externa, external otitis, or 'swimmer's ear', involves the outer ear and ear canal. In external otitis, the ear hurts when touched or pulled.

Otitis media, or middle ear infection, involves the middle ear. In otitis media, the ear is infected or clogged with fluid behind the ear drum, in the normally air-filled middle-ear space. This very common childhood ...

otitis

Earache---what-is-it

Earache - what is it

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Ear pain (otalgia) usually occurs in children, but it can also occur in adults.&nbsp;<a href="https://www.herbal-organic.com/bg/condition/43842" target="_blank" data-ref="Earache | Билкова &amp; Естесвена Медицинa" rel="noopener">[ref. 1]</a> The pain that starts inside the ear is known as primary otalgia, while the pain that occurs outside the ear is known as secondary otalgia. &nbsp;<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29365233/" target="_blank" data-ref="Ear Pain: Diagnosing Common and Uncommon Causes - PubMed" rel="noopener">[Ref. 2]</a>&nbsp;

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Pain in the ear may occur gradually or suddenly. It can be dull, sharp or burning as a sensation and can be temporary or prolonged. Usually, pain occurs only in one ear, but sometimes it can appear in both ears. &nbsp;&nbsp;<a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK549830/" target="_blank" data-ref="Page not available - NCBI BookshelfTwitterFacebookLinkedInGitHubNCBI Insights BlogTwitterFacebookYoutube" rel="noopener">[ref. 3]</a>&nbsp;

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Signs-and-symptoms-of-earaches

Signs and symptoms of earaches 

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Symptoms that may accompany ear pain include:

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<ul><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">High temperature</li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Drainage from the ear</li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Hearing loss</li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Headache</li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Difficulty chewing</li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Jaw pain</li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Click or pop the jaw</li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Restlessness and irritability (in children)</li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Increased crying (in children)</li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Loss of appetite (in children)</li></ul>

Causes-and-risk-factors-for-ear-pain

Causes and risk factors for ear pain

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Pain in the ear is often caused by blockage of the eutachium tube. This is the passage that extends from the middle ear to the back of the nasal cavity and throat. When the eustahium tube is blocked, the air and liquid can not pass through the passage, causing more pressure and pain.&nbsp;

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Ear infections are a common cause of ear aches, especially in children. Infections of the middle ear, called otitis media, occur when fluids accumulate in the tubes inside the middle ear. This liquid can then become infected by a bacterium or virus. Children are more likely to develop ear infections than adults, partly because their eustahian tubes are smaller and straight, making it difficult to pass fluids. Their immune system is also still developing, making them more susceptible to infections.

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Pain in the ear can be caused by scratching the inside of the ear with a finger, cotton swab or other object. Other possible causes of ear pain include:

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<ul><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Allergies</li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Sinus infection</li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Sore throat</li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Infection of the teeth</li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Accumulation of earwax</li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Temporomandibular joint syndrome</li></ul>

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Eight-effective-means-for-relieving-ear-pain

Eight effective means for relieving ear pain

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Not all ear infections have a bacterial causative agent or need prescription drugs, including antibiotics. In fact, you can provide relief with some publicly available natural and home remedies such as:

Over-the-counter-painkillers

Over-the-counter painkillers

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Over-the-counter painkillers (OTC) such as ibuprofen and acetaminophen can be taken to control pain associated with a painful type of ear infection called acute otitis media. They are safe to use with or without antibiotics, but you should follow the dosing instructions on the label. These drugs can also help lower the temperature.&nbsp;

Warm-or-cold-compress

Warm or cold compress

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Use a compress of ice or heat and place it on the affected ear to relieve pain. The temperature you use depends on your preferences. You can also alternate a cold and warm compress every 10 minutes.

Ear-drops

Ear drops 

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Ear drops can reduce pressure in the ear caused by fluid and accumulation of earwax. You should read the instructions carefully and consult a doctor before applying ear drops to a child.

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Ear drops are not a substitute for prescription ear drops or antibiotics, so they can be used short-term. If symptoms worsen, examination by a doctor is mandatory.

Massage

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Gentle massage can help with ear pain, which is caused by a problem in the jaw or teeth or that cause headaches from tension. People can massage the affected area, as well as all surrounding muscles. For example, if the area behind the ear hurts, try massaging the muscles of the jaw and neck.

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The massage can also help with the pain of an ear infection. Continuing to exert pressure downwards, rub forward to the front of the ears.

Garlic

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Garlic has long been used in folk medicine to relieve pain. Some research suggests that it has antimicrobial properties that can fight infection. &nbsp;<a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK92775/" target="_blank" data-ref="Page not available - NCBI BookshelfTwitterFacebookLinkedInGitHubNCBI Insights BlogTwitterFacebookYoutube" rel="noopener">[Ref. 4]</a>&nbsp;

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People should not use it as a substitute for antibiotics prescribed by a doctor. Instead, consider adding garlic to an antibiotic diet to speed up relief and immune protection. You can also take it as a dietary supplement if you don't particularly like it.

Neck-exercises

Neck exercises

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Some ear pain is caused by pressure in the ear canal. There are easy neck exercises that can be used to relieve this tension.&nbsp;

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Follow these steps to help yourself through exercise if you have ear pain:

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<ol><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Sit upright with both feet under pressure on the ground.</li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Slowly turn your neck and head to the right until your head becomes parallel to the shoulder.</li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Turn your head to the other side until your head becomes parallel to the left shoulder.</li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Lift your shoulders high, as if trying to cover your ears with shoulders.</li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Make the movements slowly, hold them slightly, stretching more, count to five, then relax.</li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Repeat exercises often during the day.</li></ol>

Ginger

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Ginger has natural anti-inflammatory properties that can help soothe ear pain. You can prepare ginger juice or strained oil warmed with ginger in it, and apply it to the outer ear canal. Do not put it directly in the ear.

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Hydrogen-peroxide

Hydrogen peroxide

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<h3>Hydrogen peroxide has been used as a natural remedy for ear pain for many years. To use this method of treatment, put a few drops of hydrogen peroxide into the affected ear. Let it stand for a few minutes, then drain it over a sink. Rinse the ear with clean, distilled water.</h3>

The best home remedy for ear pain depends on the cause of the problem. If it is caries, the pain in your ear may not improve until you visit a dentist. However, if it comes to ear infection, using a natural drug can make the disease bearable until your body fights off the infection. Many ear infections disappear on their own for about a week or two, with symptoms starting to improve after a few days with natural means. But if this does not happen, necessarily seek medical attention.

Ear Pain: Home Treatments & Remedies for Earaches -

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Бетина Цветкова

What-is-Sempervivum-tectorum-L.?

What is Sempervivum tectorum L.?

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Sempervivum tectorum is a plant that in Bulgaria we call "debelets". &nbsp;<a href="https://www.herbal-organic.com/bg/herb/19507" target="_blank" data-ref="Sempervivum tectorum" rel="noopener">[ref. 1]</a>&nbsp; Sempervivum tectorum is a decorative, evergreen, perennial succulent that usually forms rosettes up to 10 cm in diameter, with 50 to 60 thick, bare leaves. They are green, sometimes with purple tips. The maternal rosette spreads in all directions through horizontal stems to form branches. In summer, leafy, smoky, upright flowering stems rise from the mother rosette up to 30 cm tall, covered in a color of red-purple colors. &nbsp;<a href="https://plantingman.com/sempervivum-tectorum-houseleek/" target="_blank" data-ref="Sempervivum tectorum (Houseleek) - Succulent plants" rel="noopener">[Ref. 2]</a>&nbsp;

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Sempervivum in Latin means "live forever". Its name embodies the ability to survive even under different conditions, but also embodies the place where the plant can most often be found &ndash; right on the roofs of the houses. Old people believed that it would protect them from lightning, diseases and witches.

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Its healing properties are due to the presence of malic and formic acid in the first place. Sempervivum tectorum L. acts similarly to aloe vera and is considered one of the safest drugs for a wide range of skin diseases.

Healing-benefits-of-Sempervivum-tectorum

Healing benefits of Sempervivum tectorum

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<ul><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Sempervivum tectorum leaves and juice are used due to their cooling and astringent action, applying externally to soothe many skin diseases. As with many other means that are both astringent and soothing, thick juice simultaneously tightens and softens the skin.</li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Fresh leaves are astringent, diuretic, cooling as action. They are used as a paw almost in the same way as aloe vera in the treatment of a wide range of skin diseases, burns, bites and stings, etc., and are also used to remove stubborn warts and calluses.</li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">The Sempervivum tectorum plant is sometimes also used internally for the treatment of shingles, skin complaints and hemorrhoids, although some care is required, since in excess the plant can have a laxative effect or cause vomiting. The leaves are picked as needed and used fresh for this purpose.</li></ul>In the study "<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31168900/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Wound healing activity and phytochemical screening of purified fractions of Sempervivum tectorum L. leaves on HCT 116</a>" examines the potential activity of the thicket for wound healing, the rate of proliferation and intracellular signaling cascades using cells of human epithelial colorectal cancer (HCT 116). The results confirm the efficacy of purified fractions of S. tectorum L. to enhance cell proliferation and migration, suggesting their potential role as local therapeutic treatments for wound healing. &nbsp;<a href="https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/pca.2844" target="_blank" data-ref="Just a moment..." rel="noopener">[ref. 3]</a>&nbsp;

Healing-benefits-of-Sempervivum-tectorum_1_1

In another study , <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27396195/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">"Evaluation of Radical Scavenging Activity of Sempervivum tectorum and Corylus avellana Extracts with Different Phenolic Composition</a>" the antioxidant activity of the plant and its diverse phenolic composition is analyzed. &nbsp;<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27396195/" target="_blank" data-ref="Evaluation of Radical Scavenging Activity of Sempervivum tectorum and Corylus avellana Extracts with Different Phenolic Composition - PubMed" rel="noopener">[ref. 4]</a> Antioxidant activity is slightly lower compared to that of Corylus avellana - the ordinary hazel. &nbsp;<a href="https://www.herbal-organic.com/bg/herb/14739" target="_blank" data-ref="Corylus avellana" rel="noopener">[Ref. 5]</a>&nbsp;

Healing-benefits-of-Sempervivum-tectorum_1_2

In Bulgarian folk medicine, one of the most famous areas of application is in inflammation of the ear due to the anti-inflammatory action of the plant juice. The ethnopharmacological use of S. tectorum juice for the treatment of ear pain has been demonstrated in "Ethnopharmacological uses of Sempervivum tectorum L. in southern Serbia: Scientific confirmation for the use against otitis linked bacteria", since the juice possesses antimicrobial activity relative to clinical isolates of otitis-related bacteria. &nbsp;<a href="https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0378874115302154" target="_blank" data-ref="Redirecting" rel="noopener">[Ref. 6]</a>&nbsp;

Healing-benefits-of-Sempervivum-tectorum_1_3

Recipes-for-the-use-of-Sempervivum-tectorum

Recipes for the use of Sempervivum tectorum

Simple-drops-of-juice-for-ear-infections

Simple drops of juice for ear infections 

Simple-drops-of-juice-for-ear-infections_2_0

Cut a few leaves in half and squeeze two or three drops of their juice into the sick ear. Let the liquid work for a few minutes, then turn over to drain the liquid from the ear cavity.

Plain-tea

Plain tea

Plain-tea_2_0

You can also use Sempervivum tectorum to make a tea. Tea is very easy to prepare. Place a few dry chopped leaves in a small bowl with 250 ml. temperature of not more than 80&deg;C for about 15 minutes. Then let the tea cool, drain it and drink. Tea can also be used to soothe irritated skin.

Simple-recipe-for-Sempervivum-tectorum-and-honey

Simple recipe for Sempervivum tectorum and honey

Simple-recipe-for-Sempervivum-tectorum-and-honey_2_0

Ingredients:

Simple-recipe-for-Sempervivum-tectorum-and-honey_2_1

<ul><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">300 grams of juicy Sempervivum tectorum leaves</li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">500 grams of honey</li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">200 ml lemon juice</li></ul>Instructions for preparation:

Simple-recipe-for-Sempervivum-tectorum-and-honey_2_2

<ul><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">The leaves of Sempervivum tectorum and lemon juice are mixed in a blender.</li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Combine the mixture with the honey.</li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Put the mixture in a glass jar, wrap it in foil and refrigerate it.</li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Take one teaspoon in the morning on an empty stomach, half an hour before breakfast.</li></ul>

The herb Sempervivum tectorum L. is known for its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and antibacterial properties. The beautiful green plant is beneficial for treating ear infections, some skin irritations, and its tea is suitable for detoxifying retained toxic substances from the body.&nbsp;

Usage and health benefits of Common houseleek (Sempervivum Tectorum)

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Usage and health benefits of Common houseleek (Sempervivum Tectorum

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Author: Sylvia Marinova, PhD student in the&nbsp; "Genomic Stability"&nbsp; lab at BAS

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Tall bare stem, strongly branched in its upper part, where the well-known inflorescences with their yellow color are located. Distributed throughout the country in grassy and overgrown areas, along roads, in sparse forests and clearings. Grandma's favorite for teas and beautiful bouquets. Blooms from May to August ..

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I don't think many people would have had a hard time recognizing it, except for me in high school, when I almost slightly poisoned our respected volleyball coach with specially prepared tea from the herb in question, which subsequently turned out to be a completely different plant. One of the most characteristic hallmarks of St. John's wort is encoded in its name- perforatum , since looking against the light, its petals are dotted with numerous small holes, representing glands filled with essential oil.

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So - Hypericum perforatum, or simply St. John's wort - is undoubtedly one of the most used herbs.&nbsp;Its history dates back more than 2,400 years and is full of cultural nuances and mystical legends about magical properties, amulets, the exorcism of evil forces and religious practices.

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Even the ancient Greek herbalists Hippocrates, Theopras, Dioskorid and Gallen described various uses of the herb in the bite of poisonous snakes, menstrual pains, digestive tract disturbances, pain, depression and melancholy, burns and superficial wounds.

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In other words, known since antiquity for its healing potential, St. John's wort has become an indispensable part of traditional medicine, and in recent decades it has managed to provoke a serious scientific interest.

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Of particular importance and among the best-studied applications is the treatment of mild to moderate forms of depression, but in addition, modern science describes and confirms the other of its above qualities.

Harvesting

Harvesting_0_0

Harvesting_0_1

The herb is harvested&nbsp; shortly before or during flowering.&nbsp;The above-ground leafy part with the buds and flowers about 20 cm below the top is used. Overblown stalks should not be collected.

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Drying should begin immediately after collection in order to preserve the active substances.&nbsp;It is collected in loose bundles, which are hung for drying.

Composition-of-St.-John's-Wort

Composition of St. John's Wort

Composition-of-St.-John's-Wort_1_0

The water-alcohol extract from the ground parts of St. John's wort contains six main groups of substances <a href="https://www.bioseek.eu/en/eng/research/pubmed/A_review_of_the_antibacterial_activity_of_Hypericum_perforatum_L_20659547" target="_blank" rel="noopener">[ref.1]</a>:

Composition-of-St.-John's-Wort_1_1

<ul>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">naftodiantrons - these compounds have an intense red color and phototoxic properties. The best known representatives of this group of compounds are hypericins. They are also of great interest for the medicinal properties of the plant and in particular the antiviral action. Hypericin is known to make cells more sensitive to light and this leads to more damage&nbsp;<a href="https://www.bioseek.eu/en/eng/research/pubmed/Hypericin_in_the_Light_and_in_the_Dark_Two_Sides_of_the_Same_Coin_27200034" target="_blank" rel="noopener">[ref.2].</a> For this reason, we should not expose ourselves to the sun if we have applied an ointment containing St. John's wort or have taken it in the form of tea;</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">floroglucinols - here we need to mention hyperphoric . On it is due to the use of St. John's wort as an antidepressant;</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">flavonoids - they include most bioactive compounds in St. John's wort. Examples are kaempferol, quercetin, rutin. They have antispasmodic properties . Rutin is also important for the antidepressant action of the herb;</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">biflavones;</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">phenylpropanes;</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">thanins - antioxidant, antiviral and antimicrobial properties are also due to the thanins content.</li>
</ul>

Composition-of-St.-John's-Wort_1_2

The dry drug contains all the listed compounds, as well as some essential oils, vitamins, carotenes and others.

St.-John's-Wort-as-a-Natural-Antidepressant

St. John's Wort as a Natural Antidepressant

St.-John's-Wort-as-a-Natural-Antidepressant_2_0

St.-John's-Wort-as-a-Natural-Antidepressant_2_1

Let's start with the best studied action of the herb - as an antidepressant.

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Depression is a common condition that affects our thoughts, the way we feel and significantly deteriorates quality of life.&nbsp;The herb has been used for centuries against depressive disorders and its use continues today as part of conventional medicine, especially in Europe <a href="https://www.nccih.nih.gov/health/st-johns-wort-and-depression-in-depth" target="_blank" rel="noopener"></a><a href="https://www.nccih.nih.gov/health/st-johns-wort-and-depression-in-depth" target="_blank" rel="noopener">[ref.3]</a>.

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There are studies that explain the mechanism of action&nbsp; <a href="https://systematicreviewsjournal.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s13643-016-0325-2" target="_blank" rel="noopener">[ref.4]</a>, as well as clinical trials. A large-scale review study from 2016 compared data from different clinical trials examining the efficacy of St. John's wort against depression &nbsp;<a href="https://systematicreviewsjournal.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s13643-016-0325-2" target="_blank" rel="noopener">[ref.5]</a>. The findings are that the mild and moderate forms of depression are affected by the herb as compared to placebo. The data is insufficient to judge about severe forms of depression, as well as about its side effects.

Analgesic-Properties

Analgesic Properties

Analgesic-Properties_3_0

St. John's wort can increase the threshold of acute and chronic pain due to its analgesic properties.&nbsp;This action is known in traditional medicine and has also been confirmed in rodents and humans by modern research in the field <a href="https://www.bioseek.eu/en/eng/research/pubmed/Hypericum_perforatum_St_John_s_wort_beyond_depression_A_therapeutic_perspective_for_pain_conditions_28216196" target="_blank" rel="noopener">[ref.6]</a>.

Analgesic-Properties_3_1

Even Dioscoride notices the beneficial effect of the herb in sciatica, and today there are already studies proving its effects in neuropathies.&nbsp;Taking the herb is also recommended for menstrual pain, toothache, otitis and others.

St.-John's-Wort-for-Wounds-and-Burns

St. John's Wort for Wounds and Burns

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St.-John's-Wort-for-Wounds-and-Burns_4_1

Here is the place to mention the favorite ointment of our grandmothers from olive oil and St. John's wort . Its miraculous action is not a coincidence at all. The herb has a highly stimulating effect on wound healing, as it stimulates the productionof collagen. In addition, antibacterial function helps the healing process further.

St.-John's-Wort-for-Wounds-and-Burns_4_2

The recipe for St. John's wort in olive oil can be found below, as well in the article&nbsp;<a href="../../eng/p/russian_folk_medicine_for_healthy_skin_part_1_herbal_remedies_for_vitiligo_infections_warts" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Russian folk medicine for healthy skin. Part 1: herbal remedies for vitiligo, infections, warts</a>

St.-John's-Wort-for-Gastrointestinal-Disturbances

St. John's Wort for Gastrointestinal Disturbances

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As mentioned, the herb promotes the healing effect of mucous membranes - including those that cover the digestive tract.

St.-John's-Wort-for-Gastrointestinal-Disturbances_5_1

Anti-inflammatory, as well as antidepressant properties are also beneficial, since the intestines and brain are more directly related than we think, and often stress is the unlocking mechanism for our digestive problems <a href="https://www.bioseek.eu/en/eng/research/pubmed/Effects_of_Hypericum_perforatum_extract_on_rat_irritable_bowel_syndrome_21969792" target="_blank" rel="noopener">[ref.7]</a>.

St.-John's-Wort-for-Gastrointestinal-Disturbances_5_2

Recipes

Recipes_6_0

Recipe for decoction of St. John's wort: 2 tablespoons of the dried herb are placed in 500 ml of boiling water for 5 minutes. Drink before meals.

Recipes_6_1

Olive oil extract : About 100 g of the freshly harvested herb is soaked in 500 ml of olive oil and left in a sunny place for at least 2 weeks.

Recipes_6_2

This extract can be applied externally for injuries, burns, abrasions or local neuralgic pain, rheumatism, etc. In Bulgarian traditional medicine, the 1 spoon of the extract can be also taken internally before breakfast, lunch and dinner.

Precautions

Precautions_7_0

Precautions_7_1

As my high school volleyball coach would surely confirm, the notion that natural remedies&nbsp;<a href="https://www.nccih.nih.gov/health/st-johns-wort" target="_blank" rel="noopener"></a>are harmless is very often wrong and can lead to abuse.&nbsp;And this herb, like all others, should be taken with caution <a href="https://www.nccih.nih.gov/health/st-johns-wort" target="_blank" rel="noopener">[ref.8]</a>:

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<ul>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">St. John's wort interacts with many medicines and may reduce their effect.These include some antidepressants, birth control pills, some heart medications, warfarin (an anticoagulant, ie anticoagulants), HIV medications, and more. Be sure to talk to your doctor or pharmacist if you are taking other medicines</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">It should be taken in moderation, especially if you are about to be exposed to the sun. In general, its use is not recommended for people who are hypersensitive to ultraviolet light. External use can also cause severe burns due to the phototoxic effect of hypericin.</li>
</ul>

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Read more in the article <a href="../../eng/p/herbs_and_plants_that_act_as_sunscreen" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Herbs and plants that act as sunscreen</a>

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Nature has given us priceless gifts, but it's up to us to use them wisely. :)

St. John's Wort - a Herbal Remedy for Depression

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 St. John's Wort - a Herbal Remedy for Depression

Силвия Маринова

Author: Silvia Marinova, PhD student in the Genomic Stability Laboratory at BAS

We have repeatedly written about what genetics is, as well as some of the concepts associated with it. In <a href="/p/kak_ghienitie_opriedieliat_prilikata_s_roditielitie_ni_2256bb0a_9ee8_4d00_8f3e_7ca44b90aa45" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer"></a> the article <a href="/p/kak_ghienitie_opriedieliat_prilikata_s_roditielitie_ni_2256bb0a_9ee8_4d00_8f3e_7ca44b90aa45" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer">How genes determine who we are</a> [ref.1] you will find out more about what is heredity, why we look like our parents and how changes in genes can lead to the appearance of serious malformations and diseases.

In the current article we will say more about some common genetic syndromes..

What-is-genetic-disease

What is genetic disease

What-is-genetic-disease_0_0

Genetic diseases are due in part or entirely to changes in DNA that may affect one or more genes. Generally speaking, they are caused by mutations in one gene (monogenic diseases), mutations in more than one gene (multifactorial or polygenic diseases), changes in the structure or number of chromosomes (chromosomal aberrations), a combination of genetic factors and environmental factors.

otitis

Usage and health benefits of Common houseleek (Sempervivum Tectorum)

St. John's Wort - a Herbal Remedy for Depression

The most common genetic syndromes in newborns