Strabismus is a condition in which the eyes do not properly align with each other when looking at an object. The eye that is focused on an object can alternate. The condition may be present occasionally or constantly. If present during a large part of childhood, it may result in amblyopia or loss of depth perception. If onset is during adulthood, it is more likely to result in double vision.Strabismus can occur due to muscle dysfunction, farsightedness, problems in the brain, trauma or infections. ...

strabismus

Medicinal-products-from-very-toxic-animals

Medicinal products from very toxic animals

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You would never voluntarily ingest snake venom or smear your skin with insect venom, would you? Well, before you disavow anything like this, you should know that there is actually a long history of transforming some of the most toxic substances on Earth into useful and even sometimes life-saving drugs.

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Scientists are increasingly looking at the deadliest corners of the animal world for drugs, as the poisons of some animals are full of molecules that evolved to perform very specific activities in small quantities. In other words, they are ideal pharmaceuticals.

Botulinum-toxin

Botulinum toxin 

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Botulinum toxin is a neurotoxic protein that is produced by the bacterium Clostridium botulinum and other similar species, causing mild injection site paralysis. Also known as Botox, it won't bring you back from the brink of death. In fact, one gram would be enough to kill a million people, but by paralyzing the muscles of the face in very small doses, you can deprive yourself of several wrinkles. However, with this result comes some serious risks for cosmetic use, including dysphagia, muscle weakness and allergic reactions. 1

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Botox was originally used as a treatment for ophthalmic conditions such as strabismus (crossed eyes) and twitching eyelids. Today, it is also used to prevent migraines and is just one of many terrible substances that are successfully used.

Captopril

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The oldest toxic-inspired pharmaceutical product, and indeed the one that started looking for others, is captopril. It appeared in pharmacies in 1981 and almost instantly became popular because it treated hypertension or high blood pressure, which is a prerequisite to develop heart or kidney disease and get a heart attack, stroke or aneurysm, and all thanks to the poison of a South American viper.

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One of the great effects of this snake venom is the alarmingly rapid drop in blood pressure. This drop is useful for snakes, because the brain and muscles from which their food (other animals) have to escape do not work so well without blood. Because snakes hunt mammals, scientists believe that if they could understand how the poison works, they could better understand how our bodies regulate blood pressure.&nbsp;

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It turns out that the blood pressure regulation system is quite complex, but one major way our bodies raise blood pressure is by activating a protein called angiotensin. One of the important things angiotensin does in its active form is to make the muscle cells lining the blood vessels constrict. This means higher pressure.&nbsp;

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Scientists discovered that snake venom contains a molecule that blocks the enzyme that makes angiotensin active angiotensin the converting enzyme, or ACE. With few chemical changes, they create captopril, the first ACE inhibitor, and although captopril itself is no longer widely prescribed, ACE inhibitors are still administered every day.

Ziconotide

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Here in focus is the amazing and deadly marble cone snail. These slow-moving snails can eat fast-moving fish because their venom quickly paralyzes prey and is very strong. However, the advantage is that their sting does not hurt, and this is because some of the hundreds of conotoxins, the small protein toxins that cone snails produce, target the nerves that signal pain.

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Almost 40 years ago, a student who had just graduated from high school discovered that one of these toxins reduced pain about 1,000% more strongly than morphine without causing addiction. This is because it kills pain more directly and specifically than morphine and other opioids. Opioids reduce pain by binding to opioid receptors, which triggers a cascade that, among other things, reduces the activity of calcium channels that nerve cells in the spinal cord need to communicate with the brain.&nbsp;

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The toxin from the cone snails simply blocks these channels directly, and this means that there are not so many adverse effects. Your body can't develop a tolerance to it like it can to opioids, and it works in cases where opioids don't. However, this is not a perfect medicine, as it has side effects, such as difficulty walking or psychiatric symptoms, and should be given in specific places and with specific doses.

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Ziconotide is in turn a newer, intrathecal analgesic drug used to treat chronic pain. His indication, according to the FDA, is for the treatment of chronic severe pain in patients with intolerance or refractoriness to systemic analgesics or intrathecal morphine. 2

Exenatide

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There is a frighteningly impressive creature that you can read that they call it "the monster Gila". The poison of this poisonous lizard can lower blood sugar in people with type 2 diabetes.

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The so-called Gila monsters are lizards that live in the deserts of North America. Their poison is not so dangerous for humans, but it is extremely painful the bite itself, and one of the ingredients looks a lot like a hormone that our bodies naturally produce after we eat food. This hormone, called glucagon-like peptide 1, triggers the release of insulin, and because insulin is a hormone that tells cells to take in more sugar from the blood, it lowers blood sugar.

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We can't just give humans more of human protein to lower their blood sugar because it breaks down too quickly by enzymes, but the protein in the poison of Gila lizards has a superpower: it's extremely stable. Its action lasts more than 70 times longer in the blood than in the human species, which means that it is much easier to use.&nbsp;

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It's not clear why monsters have this super stable sugar-lowering hormone. Scientists only discovered it because they systematically study the poison to see what the different components do, but a synthetic version of the Gila hormone has been on the market for more than a decade. In addition to helping control blood sugar, it also supports insulin it produces healthy beta cells in the pancreas and makes people feel fuller. 3

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Linaclotide and Plecanatide

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These drugs work by binding to and activating receptors on the cells that line your gut, telling them to release water and salt. This, in turn, softens the stool, facilitating bowel movements. Scientists aren't entirely sure how, but animal studies suggest that these drugs also trigger pain-relieving nerve pathways in the colon.&nbsp;

Cantharidin

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The next toxin named cantharidin comes from a type of beetle. If you lubricate one of these beetles, the cantharidin in the blood and other tissues of the beetle will burn your skin, creating blisters. If you swallow too many of these beetles, you will have a lot of problems. According to some estimates, just seven drops of the substance are enough to kill you. In small, controlled doses, cantharidin can remove warts and treat a condition known as molluscum contagiosum.

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Biologists believe that male beetles produce this thing as a defensive weapon, as it protects them from being eaten by predators and they can also splash it out at threat. A fun fact is that they also pass on some of it to females during mating with a so-called wedding gift to protect the next generation.&nbsp;

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However, instead of leaving these beetles alone, people have been trying to use their toxins for centuries to treat a host of health conditions, as well as a strong aphrodisiac. 4

Stichodactyla-toxin

Stichodactyla toxin

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Stichodactyla helianthus is a tropical anemony known as the "solar anemone" and part of the order Actiniaria. The Caribbean solar anemone is armed with poison-filled stinging cells that can stun prey and repel predators. It is likely that its paralytic poison could revolutionize the treatment of autoimmune diseases.&nbsp;

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Back in the 1990s, a scientist discovered that one of the paralysis-inducing peptides in anemone venom was special. Called stichodactyl toxin, it does its job by blocking a certain type of potassium channel one that in us happens to be involved in activating a specific set of immune cells.

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These cells are the older T cells that have already encountered potential pathogens, but remain in the tissues as a form of immunological memory. They also end up the cells behind many autoimmune diseases, such as lupus and multiple sclerosis, because they sometimes target parts of the body instead of foreign substances. So finding something that selectively damages these cells could lead to relatively effective and targeted therapies for autoimmune conditions, but it has proven to be a real challenge at this stage.

People are facing a huge range of diseases of different origins and innovative approaches to develop applicable therapies and new methods of treatment are constantly being sought. In this regard, one of the most suitable places to look for remedies is nature in the face of herbs, plants and some poisonous animal species.
One of the best ways to make sure we have the next generation of drugs is to protect all animal species, even those that can kill you, because they may also hold the key to curing diseases, such as autoimmune diseases or cancer.

7 drugs that are extracted from highly toxic animals

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Бетина Цветкова

What-is-Botox?

What is Botox? 

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Botox is produced by the bacterium Clostridium botulinum, which causes botulism. Botulinum toxin works by blocking nerve activity in the muscles. Several types of botulinum toxin are known – A, B, C, D, E, F and G – and for medicinal purposes are mainly used type A and very rarely type B.

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Botox injections are used to soften mimic wrinkles, prevent chronic migraines, excessive sweating, cervical dystonia, spasticity, certain diseases of the eye muscles and other specific conditions. Botox injections work by relaxing muscles and blocking signals that cause muscles to contract.&nbsp;

What-can-Botox-be-used-for?

What can Botox be used for? 

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The areas of application of botulinum toxin are not limited to the most popular placement in the upper or lower part of the face. Here are the other conditions Botox can be used for: 1

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<ul><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Chronic migraine: Botox is used for chronic migraines in patients who have 15 or more headaches per month that last 4 hours a day or more. In migraines, Botox is administered to seven specific areas of the head and neck muscles. The results usually last up to 12 weeks, depending on the individual patient. </li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Facial wrinkles: Cosmetic Botox is used to temporarily reduce the appearance of facial wrinkles in adults.</li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Cervical dystonia: Botox is used in adults to treat cervical dystonia, a condition that causes the neck muscles to contract abnormally. This causes the neck to twist and the head to tilt to one side, forward or backward.</li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Muscle stiffness: Botox is also used to treat muscle stiffness (spasticity) of the arms, legs and feet in adults and children aged at least 2 years. Spasticity is when there is an abnormal increase in muscle tone or stiffness of the muscles, which can cause problems with movement, speech, or can cause discomfort or pain.</li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Eye muscle conditions: Botox is used to treat certain eye muscle conditions caused by nervous disorders in adults and children at least 12 years old. This includes uncontrolled blinking or spasm of the eyelids and a condition in which the eyes do not point in the same direction (strabismus).</li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Bladder problems: Botox is used in adults to treat overactive bladder and incontinence (leakage of urine) that have not been affected by other medicines. Botox can be used to treat incontinence caused by nerve diseases, such as spinal cord injury or multiple sclerosis.</li></ul>

The-8-Most-Important-Questions-Before-Botox

The 8 Most Important Questions Before Botox

The-first-consultation-is-the-most-important

The first consultation is the most important 

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Like any other procedure, finding a specialist who will make you feel comfortable and answer your questions is crucial before Botox. 2

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Specialists examine the capacity of the muscles and feel exactly how the different muscles contract and pull the skin. Each of the muscles of the glabell (between the eyebrows), temple, and around the eyes (crow's feet) are attached to the skin, which is why they cause wrinkles when they contract. Botox injections reduce the ability of muscles to contract completely, thereby reducing/eliminating wrinkles.&nbsp;

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You should also have a thorough assessment of the condition before the injection. Some antibiotics, especially in the aminoglycoside category, such as gentamicin, can increase the strength of neurotoxins. Therefore, if you want to be given a Botox injection, make sure you find the right skin specialist who understands the different skin types and applies the best possible treatment.&nbsp;

Botox-is-a-temporary-solution

Botox is a temporary solution 

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Probably one of the most important questions people have is how long Botox results last. The constructive results of Botox can last up to half a year, when even the procedure can be repeated at the earliest.&nbsp;

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The time frame for results depends on many factors, including your digestion, how often you exercise, the severity of damaged skin, and much more. No matter which neurotoxin you try, the results aren't quick and don't last forever. Depending on the amount of neurotoxin infused and how your body processes it, most patients will see that the effect of Botox injection lasts three to four months, after which they need a new injection.

The-results-are-not-immediate

The results are not immediate 

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Given our culture of instant gratification, we must point out that Botox results are not immediate. Usually, fourteen days after insertion, you will be able to see the full effects of Botox. The time required for a complete Botox result depends on the individual, the area treated, and various other variables. The affected nerves have "binding sites" that allow the chemical to stick to their surface and suppress activity. The more binding sites your nerves contain, the faster the results will begin to show.

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Several procedures are needed to insert botulinum toxin

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Of course, you can put Botox once and assess whether you are satisfied with the effect of the procedure. But to get long-lasting results, several procedures are needed because Botox is not long-lasting.&nbsp;

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The impact disappears and wrinkles may reappear. This is because your nerve cells produce acetylcholine receptors after Botox disappears. These receptors create facial expressions that cause wrinkles. To really remove wrinkles, you need to apply Botox again and again.&nbsp;

Botox-is-safe-with-proper-operation-and-placement

Botox is safe with proper operation and placement 

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Botox is generally considered a safe drug, and it is extremely important to be administered by specialists with the appropriate license. This can minimize the risks of the procedure that may follow.&nbsp;

Be-aware-of-where-your-Botox-injection-comes-from

Be aware of where your Botox injection comes from 

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Make sure your doctor is the official supplier of each substance to be injected. Allergan, Merz and Galderma are three of the leading producers of neurotoxins and fillers – such as Botox, Vistabel, Bocouture, Xeoxin, Azzalure and Dysport – and Allergan also produces the dissolving fat Kybella.&nbsp;

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To reduce the risk of applying an expired, contaminated or potentially dangerous product, some manufacturers' websites offer a zip code search tool to any licensed physician who has received their product legally.

Botox-won't-remove-your-wrinkles-completely.

Botox won't remove your wrinkles completely. 

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Botox is not a magical product, despite the fact that it effectively copes with the symptoms of aging. Because of this, Botox is not a panacea to completely remove your wrinkles. Botox mostly removes certain types of wrinkles, especially wrinkles that form due to facial expressions. These include crow's feet (three wrinkles in the outer corners of the eyes), glabella (wrinkles between the eyebrows) and frontalis (wrinkles on the forehead).&nbsp;

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"Static curves" is another term for wrinkles. These wrinkles can appear at any time, even when our skin is flabby. They develop for a variety of reasons, such as hereditary qualities, UV damage, and lack of hydration or collagen. And the last two are characteristic with advancing age.

You-Should-Avoid-Certain-Foods-and-Drinks-Before-Botox

You Should Avoid Certain Foods and Drinks Before Botox 

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Most Botox veterans and fillers know that they should stop anticoagulants such as aspirin and ibuprofen before insertion, as these types of medications inhibit blood clotting and increase the risk of bruising if the needle cuts through a blood vessel.&nbsp;

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Experts in the field say that fish oil, multivitamins, green tea, cinnamon, ginger and red wine are also contraindicated all week before Botox. Antioxidants, though not all, can increase the fragility of blood vessels and prevent clotting. Therefore, always ask your doctor at least two weeks before Botox treatments what foods, drinks, and medications you should avoid.

Risks-of-Botox

Risks of Botox 

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Botox injections are relatively safe when performed by qualified specialist doctors. Preparations containing botulinum toxin are medications, so they should be administered only by medical professionals with appropriate education and experience. Possible side effects and complications that can occur with improper placement include:

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<ul><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Pain, swelling or bruising at the injection site</li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Headache or flu-like symptoms</li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Sagging eyelids or protruding eyebrows</li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Crooked smile</li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Dry eyes or excessive watery 3</li></ul>Although it is highly unlikely, it is possible that the toxin in the injection will spread throughout the body. If you notice any of these effects hours to weeks after Botox, contact your doctor immediately and visit a medical center:

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<ul><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Muscle weakness</li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Vision problems</li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Trouble speaking or swallowing</li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Breathing problems</li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Loss of bladder control</li></ul>

Other-Important-Questions-Before-You-Are-Given-Botox

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You should not be treated with Botox if you are allergic to botulinum toxin or if you have:

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<ul><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">infection in the area where botox will be injected;&nbsp;</li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">• a current bladder infection or if you cannot urinate and do not routinely use a catheter.</li></ul>To make sure Botox is safe for you, tell your doctor if you have ever had:

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<ul><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">other injections of botulinum toxin (especially in the last 3-4 months);</li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">amyotrophic lateral sclerosis;</li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">myasthenia gravis;</li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Lambert-Eaton syndrome;</li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">side effect after previous use of botulinum toxin;</li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">respiratory disorder, such as asthma or emphysema;</li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">problems with swallowing;</li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">weakness of the facial muscles (drooping eyelids, problems with raising the eyebrows);</li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">change in the normal appearance of the face;</li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">problems with bleeding;&nbsp;</li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Operation.</li></ul>

Botox is a fast, affordable&nbsp; and relatively painless procedure that minimizes the visible signs of aging. The increasingly famous botulinum toxin for injection removes wrinkles by briefly paralyzing the muscles of the face. Botox is probably the most popular aesthetic procedure for anti-aging effect, but for long-term results it should be applied over a period of time and in combination with other methods to delay aging.&nbsp; Given that botox is a neurotoxin that affects the muscles of the face, it should not be approached irresponsibly before the procedure. With some research and preparation, you can make an informed choice about whether this method is right for you. We hope that with the issues discussed in the article you have got an idea of what you need to know before you get Botox and what are the advantages and disadvantages.

Everything you need to know before injecting botulinum toxin (Botox)

Everything you need to know before injecting botulinum toxin (

Why-vision-is-extremely-important

Why vision is extremely important 

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Our eyes receive light from the world around us and send visual information to the brain. The eyes can see at about 200 degrees in all directions, including in front of you and on the side (peripheral vision). Parts of your eyes work together to allow you to see images, movement, and depth.&nbsp;

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Did you also know that our eyes are adapted to see about 7 million shades of color? About 80% of the information from our surroundings that reaches the brain comes from them. The visual cortex is located at the back of the brain and is the main part that receives, integrates and processes visual information that the retina of the eye transmits.

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Many conditions can affect eye work, including common vision problems such as myopia (myopia), astigmatism, and eye injuries. Several diseases and disorders that are not necessarily related to the eyes can cause problems with them, including autoimmune diseases, <a href="https://www.hindawi.com/journals/joph/2015/734527/" target="_blank" data-ref="Pathogenesis of Common Ocular Diseases" rel="noopener">diabetes, and high blood pressure.</a>&nbsp;[ref. 1]&nbsp;

Components-of-the-human-eye

Components of the human eye 

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The different components of our eyes are:

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<ol><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Iris - the colored area of the eye. Depending on the color of your eyes, the iris can be in any shade of blue, green, hazelnut or brown.</li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Cornea - a transparent layer that extends over the iris. Water and collagen make up the cornea. And the tears protect the cornea and keep it well lubricated.</li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Pupil - the black circle that is in the middle of your iris. It expands and shrinks to control how much light enters the eye.</li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Sclera - the white parts of the eye that surround the iris.</li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Conjunctiva - a clean, thin fabric that covers the sclera and outlines the inside of the eyelids.</li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">A lens that sits behind the pupil. It focuses the light that enters your eye and sends light to the back of the eye.</li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Retina - a set of cells that cover the inner part of the back of the eye. Part of your nervous system, the retina senses light and converts it into electrical impulses or neural signals. The retina has sticks (cells that help you see in low light) and cones (cells that recognize color).</li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Macula - a small area that is part of the retina. It is responsible for central vision and helps you see fine details and color.</li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">An optic nerve that's behind the retina. It carries signals from the retina to the brain, which then interprets this visual information to tell you what you see.</li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Muscles controling the position and movement of your eye, how much light enters the eye, and the ability of the eyes to focus.</li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Vitreous body - a transparent gel that fills your entire eye. Protects and maintains the shape of the eye.</li></ol>

Health-conditions-affecting-the-function-of-the-eyes

Health conditions affecting the function of the eyes

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There are hundreds of conditions, disorders, diseases, and injuries that affect the eyes. This is another reason to act preventively against them, and not to seek solutions only when they are present.

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Conditions that affect the eyes include:

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<ul><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Age changes in vision: Your eyes change with age. In some cases, cataracts, macular degeneration, or detached retina may occur. Presbyopia (loss of close focal vision) usually begins to affect people around the age of 45.</li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Cancer: Tumors can be the result of intraocular&nbsp;melanoma and retinoblastoma.</li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Diseases: Many types of eye diseases can affect the eyes, including congenital (available at birth) cataracts, glaucoma and optic atrophy.&nbsp;</li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Infection and irritation: conjunctivitis, blepharitis, barley, and dry eyes cause redness, swelling, and discomfort. Eye tearing can be obtained when the eye does not drain tears properly or the eyes are irritated or dry.</li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Hereditary diseases: pigment retinitis is an inherited condition that can lead to blindness.</li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Injuries: Corneal abrasion&nbsp;and detached retina can be the result of an eye injury. Accidents can cause bleeding from the eyes and irritation. Foreign objects can also damage the eye.</li></ul>

Symptoms-of-eye-diseases---how-to-recognize-signs

Symptoms of eye diseases - how to recognize signs

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There are various signals that indicate eye problems, for example:

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<ul><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Eye pain, redness, swelling, bleeding, or secretion.</li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Eyes that cross or point in different directions.</li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Eyes that are itching or very dry.</li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Flashes of light, especially in peripheral vision.</li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Headaches and squint.</li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Inability to move the eyes or open or close the eyelid.</li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Lots of spots or one dark spot in the middle of the field of vision.</li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Sensitivity to light or vision problems in low light.</li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Changes in vision, including cloudy or blurred vision</li></ul>

Living-and-working-in-front-of-a-computer-screen---what-are-the-risks

Living and working in front of a computer screen - what are the risks

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Most people know that the sun can hurt our eyes, but they are not aware of any other problematic bright lights emitted by computer screens. In short, these screens are much less harmful than the sun. This is because screens are not as bright as the sun, and newer screens usually do not produce UV rays - the most harmful kind of light the sun emits. Instead, the most important light that screens produce is high-energy blue light with a short wavelength.

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In the short term, blue light is mostly associated with potentially causing eye strain. &nbsp;<a href="http://www.ijo.cn/gjyken/ch/reader/view_abstract.aspx?file_no=20181220&amp;flag=1" target="_blank" data-ref="Research progress about the effect and prevention of blue light on eyes" rel="noopener">[ref. 2]</a>&nbsp; According to the American Optometric Association, this is not usually a serious problem and can mostly be solved by usually shifting your gaze from the screen, as well as more time out in the wild.

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In the short term, it is known that staring at screens for a long time causes computer vision syndrome. This condition can be irritating and even detrimental to a person's work and daily activities. Potentially cause:

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<ul><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Severe headache.</li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Eye strain.</li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Blurred vision.</li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Dry eyes.</li></ul>This syndrome is not actually caused only by exposure to blue light; it is caused by a combination of factors. The first factor is the duration of exposure, i.e. exposure to a screen. At least seven hours in front of the screen, we can talk about prolonged exposure. The problem is compounded by the fact that many people, unfortunately, have a habit of maintaining a bad posture while staring at the work screen.

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There is something to be done to avoid this problem with vision during prolonged operation of a computer:

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<ul><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">There are many tables and articles online with instructions on how to properly sit in front of your computer. Posture and proper distance from your PC can really help reduce eye strain. Although you may not notice an immediate difference, you will feel the effect of good posture and ergonomics over time. Important are the distances of the chair from the floor, on the desk, the corners under which your legs and elbows will sit, do you have lumbar support, and others.</li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Try to choose lights for your workspace or home properly so that the level of light in the room is approximately equal to how much light your screen will produce. Contrasting levels of light, such as being in a dark room while looking at a bright screen, can load the eyes faster.</li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Practice the rule 20-20-20. This simple rule can help with eye strain. All you have to do is take a break every 20 minutes to stare at an object about 20 meters away for at least 20 seconds. This helps to give your eyes a break by focusing on a bright screen that's near you.</li></ul>

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When working from home 

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After the global coronavirus pandemic, a huge number of people switched to a home or hybrid model of work. This implies even more time in front of the computer screen for appointments and tasks. Therefore, we recommend:

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<ul><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Frequent screen breaks throughout the day.</li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Walk around the room or building every 20 minutes.</li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Mute notifications from mobile devices to spend less time staring at them.</li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Use of moisturizing eye drops or artificial tears.</li></ul>Some studies have suggested that in the long run, blue light from screens can also damage retinal cells, leading to problems such as age-related macular degeneration. The extent of this problem is not fully understood, but prevention is the best solution, and may include a complex of measures. We'il describe them next.

Eyes are a window into the world that we must protect properly. This actually means providing important nutrients, remedies for different conditions, regular ophthalmic examinations, and eye sun protection all year round. This topic will be increasingly relevant against the background of the thousands of hours we spend in front of computers or mobile screens. It is also important not to forget to give rest to the eyes and to be informed about various eye diseases.

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