Urinary incontinence (UI), also known as involuntary urination, is any uncontrolled leakage of urine. It is a common and distressing problem, which may have a large impact on quality of life. It has been identified as an important issue in geriatric health care. The term enuresis is  often used to refer to urinary incontinence primarily in children, such as nocturnal enuresis (bed wetting).Pelvic surgery, pregnancy, childbirth, and menopause are major risk factors. Urinary incontinence is often a ...

urinary incontinence

Myths-about-postpartum-recovery---part-2

Myths about postpartum recovery - part 2

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<a href="../../p/%D0%9C%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B5-%D0%B7%D0%B0-%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%BE-%D0%B2%D1%8A%D0%B7%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%8F%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5-%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%87%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8-%D0%BE%D1%82-%D1%84%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B2%D1%82-%D1%87" target="_blank" rel="noopener">In the first part</a> , we commented on some of the most common myths&nbsp; about postpartum recovery. They are associated with speed of recovery and weight, which usually bothers women and bring them additional stress. Here are those myths:

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<ul><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">If you do not have any symptoms, you do not need to have a routine check-up</li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">6 weeks is enough to recover after childbirth</li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">You need to regain weight from before pregnancy</li></ul>First of all, it is important to know that both pregnancy itself and postpartum recovery take place strictly individually, and you should not compare yourself to others. No matter how you gave birth, the first six weeks after birth are considered a period of "recovery". Even if you went through the pregnancy slightly and gave birth without major problems, the body was stressed to the limit and needed time to resume.&nbsp;

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In many women, more time is needed, so patience is important, as well as balanced nutrition and sleep both during pregnancy and then, as far as possible with a little baby. &nbsp; <a href="https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S1087079217300291" target="_blank" data-ref="Redirecting" rel="noopener">[ref. 1]</a>&nbsp;

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Myth-4:-Pain-during-sex,-prolaps-and-other-pelvic-floor-problems-are-'normal'-after-birth

Myth 4: Pain during sex, prolaps and other pelvic floor problems are 'normal' after birth 

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Dysfunction of the pelvic floor is the inability to relax properly and coordinate the muscles of the pelvic floor. This type of problems occur often after childbirth, given the involvement of this musculature, intestines, bladder or uterus throughout the process and their weakening afterwards.&nbsp;

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The five most common conditions in this group are the urgency/urgency of urination; stress urinary incontinence; constipation, pain when moving the intestine or feeling of incomplete defecation; pain in the back, pelvis or in sexual intercourse; prolapse of the uterus or vagina. &nbsp;<a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK559246/" target="_blank" data-ref="Page not available - NCBI BookshelfTwitterFacebookLinkedInGitHubNCBI Insights BlogTwitterFacebookYoutube" rel="noopener">[Ref. 2]</a>&nbsp;

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Although they sound terribly unpleasant, each of these problems can be overcome with the appropriate measures such as physiotherapy and rehabilitation, proper diet, light exercise and other means.&nbsp;

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The same applies to diastasis, which is a weakening of the abdominal muscles of pregnant women and after childbirth. This common problem can also be corrected with light exercise, but necessarily after consulting with a doctor.&nbsp;

Myth-5:-You're-a-bad-parent-if...

Myth 5: You're a bad parent if... 

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Here you can finish the sentence with many examples such as: "do not breastfeed the child", "do not give sweets to the child", "I do not let him play on the phone", "I do not buy him everything he wants", "I do not let him play with other children", "I don't let him come out late" and thousands of other examples.&nbsp;

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Parents know exactly what we mean. However you finish the sentence, you have always gone through the process of leaving work, pregnancy and breastfeeding before, doing more housework and childcare, illness and worriedness about every new thing... In all these situations , you sacrifice yourself and your time to be available 100% of the time and give your child the best, as you imagine it.

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Finally, another mother or father appears, or grandparents who begin to question you and compare your way of raising your child with&nbsp; theirs. This can stress many new parents and is completely unnecessary. Giving unsolicited advice too, so set clear boundaries for these things and do not let everyone interfere in the harmony of your family. Over time, parents and children will understand which solution was right and what was not.

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Myth-6:-Postpartum-depression-is-a-must

Myth 6: Postpartum depression is a must 

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There is no doubt that having a baby is a life-changing experience. Almost every mother faces bouts of anxiety and confusion due to raging hormones, lack of sleep and the struggle to adjust to this little new person at home. These sensations are normal and short-lived, but if you have symptoms of postpartum depression – including feelings of constant hopelessness, sadness, isolation, irritability, worthlessness or anxiety – more than two weeks after birth, talk to your doctor.

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Do not be ashamed and do not feel alone: postpartum depression is not your fault and affects approximately 1 in 4 new mothers. An effective way to feel better so you can take care of yourself and your baby is to talk to a professional who can help. Talking to a loved one, partner, or helping another mother can also be crucial to normalizing things.

The period after birth is exciting and fascinating at the same time. But given all the physiological and psychological changes, you need to find the time and opportunity to take care of yourself while taking care of your baby. The correct growth and development of the child depends on the efforts of both parents, as well as on the professional assistance of medical professionals who can help the mother cope with the health problems following childbirth. In addition, you will need patience to get used to everything new and fully recover. And while you are doing it, be sure to enjoy this special stage with your baby. It's going to go faster than you think! The articles on the subject adapt the recommendations of Dr. Marcy Crouch - certified physiotherapist women's health.

Myths about postpartum recovery debunked by physiotherapist [Part 2]

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Myths about postpartum recovery debunked by physiotherapist [2]

Бетина Цветкова

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Author: Rositsa Tashkova, Master of Molecular Biology and Microbiology

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Have you ever dreamed that you unsuccessfully seek a toilet, and you always find one that is closed, dirty, too narrow, without a door, turning into a stage, with floor-to-ceiling windows, suddenly a lot of people come in, or instead of a door there is a curtain? Well, you are not alone if you recognize yourself in any of these scenarios.

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Why this happens can be the subject of psychology or neuroscience. However, the curious topic has not been reflected in many scientific articles - but here's what we know about these dreams.

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There are several hypotheses about what causes these dreams

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<ul>
<li style="font-weight: 400;">External incentives;</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;">Internal incentives;</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;">We dream of something that we often experience or worry about.</li>
</ul>

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In his article "Toilet dreams: An incorporation of waking-life memories?" [<a href="https://www.researchgate.net/publication/277804021_Toilet_dreams_Incorporation_of_waking-life_memories" target="_blank" rel="noopener">ref. 1</a>], author Michael Schredl&nbsp;of the Central Institute of Mental Health in Mannheim, Germany, writes:

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"At the end of the 19th century, the view that external and internal stimuli were those that triggered such dreams was very popular, while Freud had a different opinion on the subject. He recounts a dream of his own in which he travels on the night train and at one point sees another man urinate. He woke up from this dream with a strong need to visit the toilet. Because it was very unusual for Freud - waking up in the middle of the night to use a toilet, and the associations in the dream were related to two children's episodes of his life - he suggested that his desire to go to the toilet was dictated solely by the dream, not because of a real physiological need."

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What-are-these-external-and-internal-incentives

What are these external and internal incentives

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Music or sound that we hear while sleeping may be considered as an external stimulus that interferes with sleep and becomes a part of the dream - our brain finds a place for the stimulus in the scenario it creates while dreaming. In people who suffer from nocturnal urination (nocturnal enuresis or urinary incontinence), a wet bed can serve as a stimulus for toilet sleep. The interesting thing about these people is that sleep comes hours after involuntary urination, not before or during this event. i.e. the stimulus is external.

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It's an internal stimulus is to really need to go but your brain puts you in situations where this can't happen and so try to wake you up and alleviate your physiological need in real life.

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Michael Schredl conducted his own research on the subject and found that almost always in these dreams the dreamer is located outside their home in search of a toilet - at work, in a bar, in a public building, and very often these toilets were completely unrealistically constructed, that is, they do not reflect something that the dreamer has already experienced in real life, but visiting a toilet outside the home can be a concern for many people, albeit unconscious.

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He also writes: "Another argument against explaining toilet dreams by simply plugging in [in the dream of the real need for] urination is the fact that only about 20% of dreams end in unmet need, while more often the plot of dreams simply overflows into other subjects and does not lead to awakening. On the other hand, it can be argued that the urge to urinate can be present throughout the night, or at least in the second part of the night, but this line of thought does not explain why only about 2.5% of dreams involve this topic."

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According to psychologist Dr Ann Faraday, dreams in which a person searches for a toilet and can't find a normal one hint at depressed feelings - for which the subconscious gives us signals. [<a href="https://www.amazon.com/Dream-Game-Ann-Faraday/dp/0061000264" target="_blank" rel="noopener">ref. 2</a>]

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It seems that the exact cause of such dreams is not clarified, and perhaps everyone has their reasons to dream for a covenant toilet. The human subconscious is delicately intertwined with our consciousness and existence, and its depths are not yet sufficiently explored and familiar, despite thousands of attempts to do so. What will the future reveal to us?

urinary incontinence

Why do we dream that we want to pee a lot, but the toilet doesn't work