Vaccinium macrocarpon (also called large cranberry, American cranberry and bearberry) is a North American species of cranberry of the subgenus Oxycoccus and genus Vaccinium.

Vaccinium macrocarpon is a shrub, often ascending (trailing along the surface of the ground for some distance but then curving upwards). It produces white or pink flowers followed by sour-tasting red or pink berries 9–14 mm (0.35–0.55 in) across.

Vaccinium macrocarpon is native to central and eastern Canada (Ontario to Newfoundland) ...

vaccinium macrocarpon

_-1_0

Natural-UTI-Treatments-and-Their-Botanical-Origin

Natural UTI Treatments and Their Botanical Origin

Natural-UTI-Treatments-and-Their-Botanical-Origin_0_0

<ul><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Cranberry (Vaccinium macrocarpon)</li></ul>Cranberries, a North American native, are a potent natural UTI remedy. These small fruits are rich in proanthocyanidins, compounds that prevent harmful UTI-causing bacteria from attaching to the bladder wall.

Natural-UTI-Treatments-and-Their-Botanical-Origin_0_1

<ul><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Bearberry (Arctostaphylos uva-ursi)</li></ul>Bearberry, also known as uva ursi, grows in the chilly regions of the Northern Hemisphere. It contains the active compound arbutin, a natural antimicrobial substance that effectively combats several types of bacteria responsible for UTIs.

Natural-UTI-Treatments-and-Their-Botanical-Origin_0_2

<ul><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Dandelion (Taraxacum officinale)</li></ul>Found extensively in Eurasia and North America, dandelion is well-known for its diuretic properties. By promoting urine production, dandelion helps flush out UTI-causing bacteria, offering natural UTI relief.

Natural-UTI-Treatments-and-Their-Botanical-Origin_0_3

<ul><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Parsley (Petroselinum crispum)</li></ul>Parsley, originating from the Mediterranean, has traditionally been utilized beyond its culinary applications. It holds powerful diuretic and antioxidant properties, making it a potential natural remedy for UTIs.

Natural-UTI-Treatments-and-Their-Botanical-Origin_0_4

DIY-Herbal-Remedies-for-UTI

DIY Herbal Remedies for UTI

Cranberry-Parsley-Infusion

Cranberry-Parsley Infusion

Cranberry-Parsley-Infusion_1_0

<ol><li>Prepare this natural UTI tea by boiling a cup of water and adding a tablespoon each of dried cranberries and dried parsley. </li><li>Allow it to steep for 10-15 minutes before straining. </li><li>This tea should be taken twice daily, making the most of cranberries' bacterial prevention properties and the diuretic and antioxidant benefits of parsley.</li></ol>

Dandelion-Bearberry-Decoction

Dandelion-Bearberry Decoction

Dandelion-Bearberry-Decoction_1_0

<ol><li>This herbal decoction involves simmering a teaspoon each of dried dandelion and bearberry leaves in a cup of water for about 15-20 minutes. </li><li>Strain the mixture and consume it once daily. </li><li>This concoction harnesses the diuretic properties of dandelion and the antimicrobial capabilities of bearberry.</li></ol>Always consult with a healthcare professional before starting any herbal treatments, particularly for those with pre-existing conditions or who are on medication.

Dandelion-Bearberry-Decoction_1_1

Anticancer-Potential-of-Herbs-Used-in-UTI-Management

Anticancer Potential of Herbs Used in UTI Management

Anticancer-Potential-of-Herbs-Used-in-UTI-Management_2_0

Some of the herbs commonly used for natural UTI treatment also showcase potential anticancer properties:

Anticancer-Potential-of-Herbs-Used-in-UTI-Management_2_1

<ul><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Cranberry (Vaccinium macrocarpon)</li></ul>Scientific research suggests that the phytochemicals present in cranberries could exhibit anticancer effects by inhibiting the growth of several types of cancer cells.

Anticancer-Potential-of-Herbs-Used-in-UTI-Management_2_2

<ul><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Dandelion (Taraxacum officinale)</li></ul>Dandelion extracts have shown potential anticancer effects in laboratory studies, including the induction of apoptosis (cell death) in cancer cells.

Anticancer-Potential-of-Herbs-Used-in-UTI-Management_2_3

Questions-and-Answers

Questions and Answers

Questions-and-Answers_3_0

Q: Can I replace dried herbs with fresh ones in these recipes?

Questions-and-Answers_3_1

A: Yes, but keep in mind that fresh herbs are less potent, so the quantity may need adjusting.

Questions-and-Answers_3_2

Questions-and-Answers_3_3

Q: Can these natural UTI treatments replace antibiotics?

Questions-and-Answers_3_4

A: While these herbs can assist in managing UTIs, they shouldn't replace antibiotics or any treatment prescribed by your healthcare provider. Always consult your doctor before making changes.

Questions-and-Answers_3_5

Questions-and-Answers_3_6

Q: Are these herbal UTI remedies safe during pregnancy?

Questions-and-Answers_3_7

A: It's essential to consult with your healthcare provider before starting any herbal treatments during pregnancy, as some may carry risks.

Questions-and-Answers_3_8

Questions-and-Answers_3_9

Q: Can these herbs interact with my current medication?

Questions-and-Answers_3_10

A: Yes, certain herbs can interact with medicines. Always inform your healthcare provider of any herbal supplements or remedies you're taking.

Questions-and-Answers_3_11

Questions-and-Answers_3_12

Q: When should I consume these herbal mixtures for UTI?

Questions-and-Answers_3_13

A: These herbal mixtures can be consumed at any time of the day. Some people prefer taking them in the morning and evening for convenience. Always follow your healthcare provider's advice.

references

references_3_0

<ul><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1"><a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12203263/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Antimicrobial properties of Arctostaphylos uva-ursi</a><a href="https://chat.openai.com/#user-content-fnref-2%5E" target="_blank" rel="noopener"> </a></li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1"><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3155102/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Diuretic properties of Taraxacum officinale</a><a href="https://chat.openai.com/#user-content-fnref-3%5E" target="_blank" rel="noopener"> </a></li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1"><a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22168277/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Antioxidant and diuretic properties of Parsley</a><a href="https://chat.openai.com/#user-content-fnref-4%5E" target="_blank" rel="noopener"> </a></li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1"><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5008867/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Anticancer properties of cranberries</a><a href="https://chat.openai.com/#user-content-fnref-5%5E" target="_blank" rel="noopener"> </a></li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1"><a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21234313/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Anticancer potential of dandelion</a><a href="https://chat.openai.com/#user-content-fnref-6%5E" target="_blank" rel="noopener"> </a></li></ul>

Herbal mixtures and natural remedies offer a promising approach to UTI management. Plants like cranberry, bearberry, dandelion, and parsley each provide a unique set of properties beneficial for UTI treatment and prevention. Although these natural remedies are not a substitute for professional medical advice, they may complement traditional UTI treatments. Interestingly, several of these plants also demonstrate potential anticancer properties, further underlining their therapeutic value.

Herbal Solutions for UTIs: Can Natural Remedies Treat Urinary Tract Infections?

https://sanatio.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/2ba3a771-a597-49ab-a963-ce1a9be3525c_middle.jpg

Herbal Solutions for UTIs: Can Natural Remedies Treat Urinary Tract In

Екипът на Санацио

Blood-in-the-Urine:-Possible-Causes-and-Risks

Blood in the Urine: Possible Causes and Risks

Blood-in-the-Urine:-Possible-Causes-and-Risks_0_0

Blood in the urine, also known as hematuria, can be caused by a variety of factors. Here are some potential causes and associated risks:

Blood-in-the-Urine:-Possible-Causes-and-Risks_0_1

<ul><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Urinary tract infection: Urinary tract infections are common and often cause discomfort during urination. They can also cause blood in the urine, especially if the infection spreads to the kidneys. If left untreated, UTI infections can lead to more serious complications, such as kidney damage or sepsis.</li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Kidney stones: Kidney stones are hard mineral deposits that can form in the kidneys or urinary tract. They can cause severe pain and discomfort, and in some cases require medical intervention. If left untreated, kidney stones can lead to urinary tract infections or kidney damage.</li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Bladder or kidney cancer: Blood in the urine can be a sign of bladder or kidney cancer, which can be life-threatening if left untreated. Other symptoms of these cancers may include pain when urinating, back pain, or abdominal pain.</li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Prostate problems: Blood in the urine can also be a symptom of prostate problems, such as an enlarged prostate or prostate cancer. Other symptoms of prostate problems may include frequent urination, difficulty starting or stopping urination, or pain during ejaculation.</li></ul>&nbsp;

Blood-in-the-Urine:-Possible-Causes-and-Risks_0_2

Less common causes of blood in the urine may include blood disorders, such as sickle cell anemia, or hereditary diseases that affect the kidneys or bladder.

Blood-in-the-Urine:-Possible-Causes-and-Risks_0_3

It is important to note that blood in the urine does not always indicate a serious condition, but it is always good to have it checked by a medical professional to rule out any potential risks.

Blood-in-the-stool:-Possible-causes-and-risks

Blood in the stool: Possible causes and risks

Blood-in-the-stool:-Possible-causes-and-risks_1_0

Blood in the stool, also known as rectal bleeding, can be caused by several factors. Here are some potential causes and associated risks:

Blood-in-the-stool:-Possible-causes-and-risks_1_1

<ul><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Hemorrhoids: Hemorrhoids are swollen veins in the rectum or anus that can cause discomfort and bleeding during bowel movements. They can be caused by constipation, pregnancy or prolonged sitting. While they are not usually life-threatening, they can be a sign of an underlying disease, such as inflammatory bowel disease or colon cancer.</li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD): IBD, including Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis, can cause inflammation and bleeding in the digestive tract. Other symptoms of IBD may include abdominal pain, diarrhea, and weight loss. If left untreated, IBD can lead to serious complications such as bowel obstruction or colon cancer.</li></ul>&nbsp;

Blood-in-the-stool:-Possible-causes-and-risks_1_2

<ul><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Colon cancer: Blood in the stool can be a sign of colon cancer, which can be life-threatening if left untreated. Other symptoms of colon cancer may include changes in intestinal habits, abdominal pain, or unexplained weight loss.</li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">fissures: fissures are small ruptures in the lining of the anus that can cause bleeding and discomfort. They are usually caused by constipation or trauma in the area. While they are usually not serious, they can be a sign of an underlying disease, such as inflammatory bowel disease or colon cancer.</li></ul>&nbsp;

Blood-in-the-stool:-Possible-causes-and-risks_1_3

Less common causes of blood in the stool may include diverticulitis, a condition in which small sacs form in the colon that become infected, or polyps, formations that can develop in the colon and can develop into cancerous ones if left untreated.

Blood-in-the-stool:-Possible-causes-and-risks_1_4

It is important to seek medical attention if you have blood in your stool. Early detection and treatment can improve your chances of a positive outcome.

Why-You-Shouldn't-Ignore-the-Blood-in-Your-Body-Fluids

Why You Shouldn't Ignore the Blood in Your Body Fluids

Why-You-Shouldn't-Ignore-the-Blood-in-Your-Body-Fluids_2_0

Ignoring the blood in your body fluids can lead to serious health consequences. If left untreated, it can lead to complications such as kidney damage, cancer, or even death. Even if the cause of the blood is benign, it is always better to protect yourself and seek medical help.

Why-You-Shouldn't-Ignore-the-Blood-in-Your-Body-Fluids_2_1

Herbal-and-natural-remedies-that-help-with-blood-in-urine-and-feces

Herbal and natural remedies that help with blood in urine and feces

Herbal-and-natural-remedies-that-help-with-blood-in-urine-and-feces_3_0

While it's important to seek medical attention if you have blood in your urine or stool, there are some herbal and natural remedies that can help. It is important to note that these funds should not be used as a substitute for medical treatment, but can be used in conjunction with it. Here are a few options:

Herbal-and-natural-remedies-that-help-with-blood-in-urine-and-feces_3_1

<ul><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Cranberry juice or dietary supplements for urinary tract infections: Drinking cranberry juice or taking cranberry supplements can help prevent bacteria from sticking to the bladder and urinary tract. However, it is important to note that cranberry juice or supplements should not be used as a substitute for antibiotics if bladder infection is diagnosed.</li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Fiber-rich foods for hemorrhoids: Incorporating more fiber into your diet can help soften your stool and reduce inflammation, which may benefit hemorrhoids. Good sources of fiber include whole grains, fruits, vegetables, and legumes.</li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Hamamelis for hemorrhoids: Hammamelis is a natural astringent agent that can help reduce inflammation and relieve hemorrhoids. It can be applied to the affected area using a cotton ball or swab.</li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Aloe vera gel for hemorrhoids: Aloe vera gel has anti-inflammatory properties and can help relieve the discomfort associated with hemorrhoids. It can be applied topically to the affected area.</li></ul>

Blood-in-feces-and-urine-can-be-caused-by-a-variety-of-factors,-including:

Blood in feces and urine can be caused by a variety of factors, including:

Blood-in-feces-and-urine-can-be-caused-by-a-variety-of-factors,-including:_4_0

Blood-in-feces-and-urine-can-be-caused-by-a-variety-of-factors,-including:_4_1

<ul><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs): ibuprofen, naproxen, aspirin</li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Anticoagulants: warfarin, heparin, rivaroxaban, apixaban, dabigatran</li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Antiplatelet agents: clopidogrel, prasugrel, ticagrelor</li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Corticosteroids: prednisone, methylprednisolone</li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Certain antibiotics: ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin</li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Chemotherapy drugs: cyclophosphamide, methotrexate</li></ul>&nbsp;

Blood-in-feces-and-urine-can-be-caused-by-a-variety-of-factors,-including:_4_2

Blood-in-feces-and-urine-can-be-caused-by-a-variety-of-factors,-including:_4_3

<ul><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Drug allergies: allergic reactions to medications such as penicillin or aspirin can lead to blood in the feces or urine.</li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Food allergies: severe reactions to certain foods can lead to bleeding from the gastrointestinal tract and blood in the urine.</li></ul>&nbsp;

Blood-in-feces-and-urine-can-be-caused-by-a-variety-of-factors,-including:_4_4

Blood-in-feces-and-urine-can-be-caused-by-a-variety-of-factors,-including:_4_5

Blood-in-feces-and-urine-can-be-caused-by-a-variety-of-factors,-including:_4_6

<ul><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Beets: may cause red or pink color in urine or feces, often mistakenly taken for blood</li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Red food coloring: used in many processed foods, candies and beverages, can cause red or pink color to feces or urine</li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Tomatoes or tomato-based products: can cause red or orange feces or urine, sometimes mistakenly taken for blood</li></ul>It is important to consult a healthcare professional if you notice blood in your stool or urine, as this may be indicative of a hidden health problem.

Blood in your body fluids can be a frightening symptom, but it's important not to ignore it. Seeking medical help can help identify the cause of the bleeding and prevent more serious complications. Although there are some herbal and natural remedies that can provide some relief, they should not be used as a substitute for medical treatment. Remember that early detection and treatment can improve your chances of a positive outcome, so don't hesitate to seek medical attention if you have blood in your urine or stool.

Do you see red? Why You Shouldn't Ignore the Blood in Your Body Fluids

https://sanatio.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/05c69852-36dd-4e19-8a49-dfda9fe94632_middle.jpg

Do you see red? Why You Shouldn't Ignore Your Blood 

Why-do-we-need-herbal-therapeutics-for-respiratory-viruses

Why do we need herbal therapeutics for respiratory viruses 

Why-do-we-need-herbal-therapeutics-for-respiratory-viruses_-1_0

Why-do-we-need-herbal-therapeutics-for-respiratory-viruses_-1_1

Respiratory viruses are the most common causes of disease in humans, with a significant impact on morbidity and mortality worldwide, mainly in children. &nbsp;<a href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/immunology-and-microbiology/respiratory-virus" target="_blank" data-ref="ScienceDirectScience DirectScienceDirect helpElsevierRELX Group" rel="noopener">[Ref. 1]</a>&nbsp; The respiratory viruses that most often circulate in all continents as endemic or epidemic agents are influenza virus, respiratory syncytial virus, parainfluenza viruses, metapneumovirus, rhinovirus, coronaviruses, adenoviruses and bocaviruses. Although the human body has mechanisms for protection and immune response, it is never superfluous to look for solutions in nature.&nbsp; And there are often, but we need to know them and know how to use them properly and with minimal risk of side effects or interactions.

Why-do-we-need-herbal-therapeutics-for-respiratory-viruses_-1_2

There is scientific evidence regarding the effectiveness of several complementary therapies for colds and flu. For example, oral zinc intake can reduce the duration and severity of a cold. Regular intake of vitamin C supplements only slightly reduces the duration and severity of colds, but supports the resistance of the body as a whole.

Why-do-we-need-herbal-therapeutics-for-respiratory-viruses_-1_3

Probiotics were also found to be better than placebo at reducing the number of episodes of acute upper respiratory tract infections, the frequency of episodes of acute upper respiratory tract infections, and reducing antibiotic use. And against the backdrop of global antibiotic resistance, this is very good news.&nbsp;

Why-do-we-need-herbal-therapeutics-for-respiratory-viruses_-1_4

Since there are no fully effective universal drugs or vaccines for all respiratory viruses, the search for alternative therapies is a sensible approach. Next, we'll take a look at ten natural remedies to treat&nbsp; the flu or cold symptoms you can try.

Traditional-herbal-remedies-for-cold-and-flu-viruses

Traditional herbal remedies for cold and flu viruses

Traditional-herbal-remedies-for-cold-and-flu-viruses_-1_0

Traditional-herbal-remedies-for-cold-and-flu-viruses_-1_1

Traditional herbal remedies were used by ancient peoples to prevent or treat colds and flu. A variety of herbs are widely used to deal with viral respiratory infections. The control and treatment of influenza depends mainly on chemical or biochemical agents that are isolated from plants. These agents include various polyphenols, flavonoids, saponins, glucosides and alkaloids contained in the following plants.

Mao 

Mao_-1_0

Herbal medicine Maoto has traditionally been prescribed to flu patients in Japan. Maoto is one of the main means <a href="../../p/%D0%9E%D1%81%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8-%D0%BD%D0%B0-%D1%8F%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0-%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%B0-%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%BE-%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Campo medicine</a> (traditional Japanese herbs), composed of 4 medicinal herbs:&nbsp;

Mao_-1_1

<ol><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Ephedrae Herba (stem of Ephedra sinica) (Chinese ephedra)</li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Cinnamomi Cortex (bark of Cinnamomum cassia Blume) (Cassia)</li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Armeniacae Semen (core from Prunus armeniaca Linné) (Apricot)</li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Glycyrrhizae Radix (root of Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisher) (Chinese liquorice) &nbsp;<a href="https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/ptr.1892" target="_blank" data-ref="Just a moment..." rel="noopener">[ref. 2]</a>&nbsp;</li></ol>The administration of oral maoto granules to adults with seasonal influenza is well tolerated and associated with equivalent clinical and virological efficacy of neuraminidase inhibitors. Maoto also exhibited antipyretic activity in influenza virus-infected mice and reduced the virus by increasing virus-related natural antibodies.&nbsp;

Licorice-roots

Licorice roots

Licorice-roots_-1_0

Licorice-roots_-1_1

Glycyrrhizin is an active ingredient in licorice studied in mice infected with influenza A2 virus (H2N2). The study revealed that glycyrrhizin may protect mice that have been exposed to a lethal amount of influenza virus by stimulating the production of interferon-gamma by T cells. &nbsp; <a href="https://journals.asm.org/doi/10.1128/AAC.41.3.551" target="_blank" data-ref="Just a moment..." rel="noopener">[ref. 3]</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;

Licorice-roots_-1_2

Glycyrrhizin is also known to exert immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory effects, and is therefore a candidate drug to control H5N1-induced proinflammatory gene expression. &nbsp;&nbsp;<a href="https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00430-010-0155-0?error=cookies_not_supported&amp;code=33f27c1a-b14d-4755-a548-cbf99f95486a" target="_blank" data-ref="Glycyrrhizin inhibits highly pathogenic H5N1 influenza A virus-induced pro-inflammatory cytokine and chemokine expression in human macrophages - Medical Microbiology and Immunology" rel="noopener">[ref. 4]</a>&nbsp;

Licorice-roots_-1_3

Other potential mechanisms to glycyrrhizin action are:

Licorice-roots_-1_4

<ul><li>Immunomodulation</li><li>Anti-inflammatory action</li><li>Reduction of virus uptake by host cells</li></ul>

Extracts-of-berries

Extracts of berries

Extracts-of-berries_-1_0

Extracts-of-berries_-1_1

Polyphenols are the main culprits for the positive effects of berries in influenza viruses and the common cold. A team of scientists investigated the ability of cranberry polyphenols to alter the immunity of participants who consumed a cranberry drink. The study revealed that consumption of the beverage altered the ex vivo proliferation of γδ-T cells, where these cells reside in the epithelium and serve as the first line of defense, improving their function, which may be associated with a decrease in the number of symptoms associated with colds and flu. &nbsp;&nbsp;<a href="https://nutritionj.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/1475-2891-12-161" target="_blank" data-ref="Consumption of cranberry polyphenols enhances human &gamma;&delta;-T cell proliferation and reduces the number of symptoms associated with colds and influenza: a randomized, placebo-controlled intervention study - Nutrition Journal" rel="noopener">[ref. 5]</a>&nbsp;

Extracts-of-berries_-1_2

The mechanism of action of polyphenols includes:

Extracts-of-berries_-1_3

<ul><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Modification of immunity</li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">improving the function of T cells</li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Antioxidant action</li></ul>

Echinacea

Echinacea_-1_0

Echinacea preparations are widely used for the prevention and treatment of the common cold. You've probably taken echinacea because of its immunomodulatory effect.

Echinacea_-1_1

Preliminary results from studies are encouraging and suggest that Polinacea (roots of Echinacea angustifolia) may be used to improve the immune response to influenza vaccine. Echinacea also has antiviral activity against influenza viruses in vitro and has traditionally been used to treat colds and flu. &nbsp;&nbsp;<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22502621/" target="_blank" data-ref="Use of a standardized extract from Echinacea angustifolia (Polinacea) for the prevention of respiratory tract infections - PubMed" rel="noopener">[ref. 6]</a>&nbsp;

Clinacanthus-siamensis

Clinacanthus siamensis

Clinacanthus-siamensis_-1_0

Clinacanthus siamensis leaf extract showed activity in in vitro and in vivo tests on influenza virus. After oral administration to mice, the extract produced higher antibodies against the influenza IgG and IgA virus compared to the drug used. These results suggest that Clinacanthus siamensis extract has a protective effect against influenza virus infection. &nbsp;<a href="https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1348-0421.2008.00095.x" target="_blank" data-ref="Just a moment..." rel="noopener">[ref. 7]</a>&nbsp;

Clinacanthus-siamensis_-1_1

The potential mechanisms of action of Clinacanthus siamensis include improving the production of IgG and IgA antibodies against influenza virus.

Punica-granatum

Punica granatum 

Punica-granatum_-1_0

Punica-granatum_-1_1

Punica granatum (Pomegranate) has proven influenza properties. A polyphenolic pomegranate extract was also tested. It revealed suppression of influenza A virus replication in Madin-Darby canine kidney cells. Pomegranate polyphenol extract also prevents the agglutination (a process of binding cells, bacteria, small particles of similar size) of red blood cells in chickens from influenza virus, inhibits viral RNA replication and has a virucidal effect.

Punica-granatum_-1_2

The potential mechanisms of action of Punica granatum include suppression of viral replication and virucidal effect, particularly pronounced in influenza virus type A.

Psidium-guajava-Linn.-(guava-tea)

Psidium guajava Linn. (guava tea)

Psidium-guajava-Linn.-(guava-tea)_-1_0

Psidium guajava Linn. (guava tea), which is prepared by the method of infusion, significantly inhibits the growth of clinical isolates of influenza A (H1N1). Guava tea inhibits viral haemagglutination and sialidase activity. It appears to be effective in controlling epidemic and pandemic influenza viruses, including oseltamivir-resistant strains. &nbsp;&nbsp;<a href="https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0166354212000563" target="_blank" data-ref="Redirecting" rel="noopener">[ref. 8]</a>&nbsp;

Epimedium-koreanum-Nakai

Epimedium koreanum Nakai

Epimedium-koreanum-Nakai_-1_0

A plant known as Epimedium koreanum Nakai (Korean epimedium) is widely used in traditional Korean and Chinese medicine to treat a variety of ailments. An aqueous extract of the plant was evaluated in vitro and in vivo in a recent study. It is effective against various subtypes of influenza A by significantly reducing viral replication. &nbsp;<a href="https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/7/1/352" target="_blank" data-ref="Epimedium koreanum Nakai Displays Broad Spectrum of Antiviral Activity in Vitro and in Vivo by Inducing Cellular Antiviral State" rel="noopener">[ref. 9]</a>&nbsp;

Epimedium-koreanum-Nakai_-1_1

The mechanism of antiviral activity was revealed when an aqueous extract of Epimedium koreanum Nakai induced the secretion of type I interferon and pro-inflammatory cytokines and the subsequent stimulation of antiviral activity in cells. Oral administration of the extract showed a preventive effect on mice against lethal doses of highly pathogenic influenza A subtypes.&nbsp;

Epimedium-koreanum-Nakai_-1_2

It was concluded that Epimedium koreanum Nakai extract and its constituents play the role of immunomodulators in the immune response and may be promising candidates for prophylactic or therapeutic treatment of influenza A subtypes (H1N1, H5N2, H7N3, H9N2).

Epimedium-koreanum-Nakai_-1_3

The potential mechanisms of action of Epimedium koreanum Nakai include:&nbsp;

Epimedium-koreanum-Nakai_-1_4

<ul><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Reduction of viral replication</li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Increased secretion of type I interferon and pro-inflammatory cytokines</li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Immunomodulation</li></ul>

Scutellaria-baicalensis-(Baikalin)

Scutellaria baicalensis (Baikalin)

Scutellaria-baicalensis-(Baikalin)_-1_0

A Chinese herb known as Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi (baicalin) is used to treat the common cold, fever, and influenza virus infections. In cell culture and in mice, baikalin revealed its antiviral activity, which increased with dose. This indicates that baikalin affects the multiplication of the virus.&nbsp;

Scutellaria-baicalensis-(Baikalin)_-1_1

The researchers concluded that baikalin acts as a neuraminidase inhibitor with different inhibitory activities that are effective against different strains of influenza A virus in both vitro and in vivo, and that baikalin has potential in the treatment of influenza virus infections.&nbsp;

Scutellaria-baicalensis-(Baikalin)_-1_2

Its potential mechanisms of action can be summarized as:&nbsp;

Many herbal therapeutics have scientific evidence of action against respiratory viruses. Herbal remedies, such as mao, licorice roots, North American ginseng, echinacea, pomegranate, guava tea, and Bai Shao, are effective in treating upper respiratory tract infections. There is scientific evidence for the supportive effects of all of these complementary therapeutics in influenza viruses and common cold.&nbsp;