Varicose veins are superficial veins that have become enlarged and twisted. Typically they occur just under the skin in the legs. Usually they result in few symptoms but some may experience fullness or pain in the area. Complications may include bleeding or superficial thrombophlebitis. When varices occur in the scrotum it is known as a varicocele while those around the anus are known as hemorrhoids. Varicose veins may negatively affect quality of life due to their physical, social and psychological ...

varicose veins

Old-Remedies-That-Still-Heal-Us-Today

Old Remedies That Still Heal Us Today 

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From opium in maca, to quinine extracted from a quinine tree, to active compounds in snowdrop, there are many old working natural remedies that have actually tested and proven medical benefits.

Artemisia-annua

Artemisia annua  

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Artemisinin&nbsp; (Artemisia annua) and its semisynthetic derivatives are a group of drugs used in the treatment of malaria caused by Plasmodium falciparum. <a href="https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0165614708001648" target="_blank" data-ref="Redirecting" rel="noopener">[ref.</a>&nbsp;1]&nbsp;

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Tu Youyou discovered a substance called artemisinin, which can be used to treat malaria. Not only did Tu find a way to extract artemisinin from traditional Chinese medicine, but he also tested the new drug on himself to speed up development time.&nbsp;

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Through a joint effort collectively referred to as "Project 523," Chinese scientists prepared dihydroartemisinin, artemether, and artesunate in the 1970s. It is these derivatives, along with others, including artemizone, arteter and artellinic acid, collectively known as "artemisinins", that are now making a decisive contribution to the management of malaria.

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This breakthrough contributed to a successful treatment that saved millions of people in China, Southeast Asia, Africa and South America. <a href="https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmed.2022.868087/full" target="_blank" data-ref="Worldwide Research Trends on Artemisinin: A Bibliometric Analysis From 2000 to 2021" rel="noopener">[ref.</a>&nbsp;2]&nbsp;

Spurgia-esulae-(Euphorbia-peplus)

Spurgia esulae (Euphorbia peplus)  

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The white juice of this common weed, also known as garden milkweed, is described in&nbsp; the book "Complete Herbalist" by Nicholas Culpepper (1826) as "a good treatment for warts". However, do not try this remedy at home, as it can irritate the skin.

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Garden milkweed makes its way from native Europe to Australia, where biochemist Dr. Jim Aylward grows it in his garden. In 1997, Dr. Aylward isolated the plant's active ingredient, ingenol mebutate, which he discovered was toxic to rapidly reproducing human tissue.

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And recent clinical trials of a gel derived from milkweed juice suggest that it is effective in stopping lesions turning into skin cancer. The study in question involved 36 patients with non-melanoma skin cancer lesions. Each was treated with the juice of the Euphorbia peplus plant, which was applied to the skin once a day for three days. The juice of the plant has been used for centuries as a traditional medicine, and researchers include it at various stages in an appropriate clinical trial.

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After one month, 41 of the 48 cancers showed a complete clinical response to treatment, which means that no trace of the tumor could be found at the clinical examination. Patients who received only a partial response from the first round of treatment were then offered a second course.&nbsp;

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Lesions that responded positively to one or two courses of treatment were then followed further between two and 31 months. After an average of 15 months of treatment, two-thirds (68.5% or 30 out of 48) of skin cancer lesions still showed a complete response. <a href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/agricultural-and-biological-sciences/euphorbia-peplus#:~:text=(Euphorbiaceae)%20or%20petty%20spurge%2F,bladder%20cancer%20systemically%20against%20leukemia" target="_blank" data-ref="ScienceDirectScience DirectScienceDirect helpElsevierRELX Group" rel="noopener">[ref.</a>&nbsp;3]&nbsp;

Leeches-(Hirudinea)

Leeches (Hirudinea) 

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Yes, you may not have expected to see this here, but there's a reason. Leeches were one of the more civilized methods of bloodletting, a popular cure for diseases in bygone times. "Hirudotherapy" is the name of the treatment itself with medical leeches. In general, hirudotherapy prevents the formation of thrombi and is considered an effective remedy for varicose veins disease, thrombophlebitis, hemorrhoids and others.

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For the ancient Greek physician Hippocrates, any imbalance in the four bodily dimensions (blood, black bile, yellow bile, and phlegm) would have caused disease. And the best way to correct this is by draining the excess - often blood.

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Returning to the present, the use of medical leeches to treat multiple diseases has peaked, with France importing around 40 million each year. It is also interesting that recent advances in surgery include the use of leeches again. Hospitals such as UCLH in London use these bloodthirsty animals to drain excess blood after microsurgery, which helps promote natural healing. They can also be used in postoperative care for skin grafts or after reattachment of lost fingers and ears.

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One of the mechanisms by which leeches are beneficial is that they produce a protein that stops blood clotting. They work by sinking into the reflexogenic (acupuncture) zones and releasing their biologically active substances, which number over 50!&nbsp;

White-willow-(Salix-alba)

White willow (Salix alba) 

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Both the ancient Egyptians and Hippocrates recommended using willow bark to relieve pain. Its effectiveness was eventually proven in a Royal Society study in 1763, but it wasn't until 1915 that pharmaceutical giant Bayer began selling it over-the-counter as aspirin. In fact, acetylsalicylic acid is the valuable chemical derived from salicylic acid extracted from the bark of white willow.

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This tree is now the subject of between 700 and 1,000 clinical trials each year. And recent advances have shown that it has other beneficial effects besides a pain-relieving effect.

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From reducing the risk of strokes to indications that it can help prevent cancer, aspirin is the traditional remedy that comes from the bark of white willow. &nbsp;<a href="https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/ptr.3386" target="_blank" data-ref="Just a moment..." rel="noopener">[ref. 4]</a>&nbsp;

Snowdrops-(Galanthus)

Snowdrops (Galanthus) 

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Thus, the favorite spring flowers - snowdrops (Galanthus spp., Family Amaryllidaceae), are besides beautiful and supposedly beneficial to health. Their biological activities have been described in more than one study, with scientists pointing to the anticholinesterase, antimicrobial, antioxidant and anticancer potential of Galanthus spp. The main pharmacological ingredients in snowdrops, especially in bulbs, are galantamine and lycorin. &nbsp;<a href="https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphar.2020.552453/full" target="_blank" data-ref="Biological Activities of Snowdrop (Galanthus spp., Family Amaryllidaceae)" rel="noopener">[ref. 5]</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;

Natural gifts continue to be an inexhaustible source of new therapeutics for the treatment of human diseases. Both among plants and among some animal species, there are ways to alleviate various health problems. They may not have the same effect as medications, but it's always helpful to have some old natural remedies in your medicine cabinet that may be helpful in relieving symptoms.

5 Old Remedies That Still Heal Us Today

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Бетина Цветкова

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"The rose is the only thing you can take with you to the afterlife, for it is not of this world."

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(Persian wisdom)

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Ah, these roses, so charismatic, in themselves iconic symbols of romance and love. The very word "rose" seems to bring freshness and coolness to our thoughts, freeing up little room for love. It is difficult to find a person who does not admire the aroma and beauty of these bright flowers. A single flower can allow us to express our feelings without a word being uttered, and this is the rose.&nbsp;

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But besides being beautiful, it can also be useful for the skin with its antiseptic and antibacterial properties. We will tell you in detail about them in the article.&nbsp;

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Image by Pixabay from pexels

Rosa-damascena---why-is-it-so-valuable

Rosa damascena - why is it so valuable

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Rosa damascena mill L., known as Gole Mohammadi, is one of the most important types of flowers of the Roseflower family. R. damascena is a decorative plant and besides the perfumery effect, several pharmacological properties have been established and studied for this plant, including anti-HIV, antibacterial, antioxidant, anti-cough, hypnotic, antidiabetic and relaxing action. [ref.1] Besides them, the benefits for beauty and skin are no less significant - in acne, sensitive skin on the face or scalp, and much more that we will tell you about.&nbsp;

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A brief historical report shows that this scent was known and preferred thousands of years back in time. There are reports that indicate that many years ago several civilizations used rose water in their spiritual rituals and procedures [ref.2]. Rose water is mentioned in the ancient medical texts of countries such as China, India, Persia, Assyria, Egypt, Greece and Rome.

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An interesting assumption in this regard comes from Ancient Egypt. Cleopatra used rose oil as an aphrodisiac about 3,000 years ago. It is believed that old civilizations&nbsp; such as Babylonia used rose oil and rose water in their medicines and rituals. At the same time, in India they were used in royal kitchens for the needs of the royal family.&nbsp;

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Ancient Rome revered rose water for its antiseptic and antibacterial properties. They preferred it for both hand washing and body bathing.&nbsp;

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In the Middle Ages, rose water was used to overcome stress and depression, to relieve tension and anxiety. And today, rose water is used for many purposes in every household, including personal care.

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The extraction of essential oil from the colors began around the 7th century BC. Hr. In Iran, as Rosa damascena was transferred to Europe later and successfully cultivated in European countries. Today Bulgaria and Turkey are the main producers of R.damascena essential oil in the world, and Bulgarian R.damascena oil is best known and revered as "liquid gold".

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There is evidence that the Rosaceae family is an ancient plant. Rose fossils were discovered in America and date back nearly 30 million years. [ref.2]

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Photo by Thais Do Rio on Unsplash&nbsp;

Useful-properties-of-rose-water

Useful properties of rose water

Skin-elixir

Skin elixir

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Rose water is used in cosmetic care by many women and rightly so. It provides a wide range of benefits for the skin. Rose water is a very good means of purifying the skin and protects it from bacterial infections. [ref.3] It is also a wonderful tonic as it tones the skin and helps remove dirt, traces of make-up and fatty secretions that we naturally release.&nbsp;

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With rose water, sunburns and wounds can also be relieved and extinguished, and the risk of allergic reactions is practically zero. Rose water also helps to stimulate circulation in the skin and reduces varicose veins and varicose capillaries. No less important is that rose water contributes to maintaining the pH balance in the skin, which is extremely important for its long-term health and has a calming effect in acne and eczema. [ref.4]

Anti-inflammatory-agent

Anti-inflammatory agent

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Extracts extracted from the petals of Rosa damascena (Rosaceae) are used in Iranian folk medicine as healing agents in some inflammatory diseases. [ref.5] In another study, inhibition of neutrophil adhesion and antimicrobial activity by diluted hydrosol derived from Rosa damascena was found. Hydrosol, prepared from the colors of Rosa damascena (rose water), is traditionally used for various health problems, including skin irritations such as erythema multiforme, itching, swelling and others. [ref. 6, 7] It is clear from the results in the studies that rose water has a potential positive effect for inhibiting inflammation of the skin caused by microbes.

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Rose water is rich in vitamins A and C, which exhibit strong anti-inflammatory properties and can help soothe irritated skin.

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Photo by Michelle Leman from Pexels

A-gift-for-soothing-the-eyes

A gift for soothing the eyes

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Rose water is very effective at soothing tired and tense eyes, and such a problem is increasingly common in today's digital world, in which we are all in front of "smart" screens. It is good for those people who spend long hours in front of a computer for work, to try the power of rose water to relieve tension in the eyes. Applying rose water to the eyes, for example, through cotton, gives shine to the soft skin in this area and relieves them of tension.&nbsp;

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Dark circles under the eyes can also be influenced by gentle rose water, as evidenced by a paper published in the Journal of Traditional and Complementary Medicine [ref. 8] According to the team of researchers, rose water and its components have an antiviral effect against herpes simplex viruses, as well as against antimicrobial action against bacteria:

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<ul> <li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Xanthomonas vesicatoria</li> <li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Chromobacterium violaceum&nbsp;</li> <li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Erwinia carotovora strains</li> <li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Staphylococcus aureus</li> <li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Bacillus Cereus</li> <li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Staphylococcus Epidermidis</li> <li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Pseudomonas fluorescens</li> <li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Pseudomonas aeruginosa</li> <li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Escherichia coli</li> <li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Proteus vulgaris</li> <li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Candida albicans</li> <li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Enterococcus faecalis and others.&nbsp;</li> </ul>

Relief-of-chest-pain-and-painful-menstruation

Relief of chest pain and painful menstruation

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The anti-inflammatory effect of rose leaf tea and vitamin profile help reduce dysmenorrhea or menstrual pain in women. A double-blind cross-clinical trial in 92 girls showed that ethanol extract from the fruits of R. damascena had similar efficacy to that of mephenamic acid to reduce pain in primary dysmenoreal syndrome (PMS), without side effects. [ref.9]

Support-digestion

Support digestion

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Drinking rose water can also help reduce symptoms of bloating and an "irregular stomach." It is known to improve digestion by increasing bile flow and can also act as a laxative, improving intestinal motor skills. Therefore, rose water can also be taken for constipation.

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Recipes-for-preparing-at-home

Recipes for preparing at home

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The main advantages of rose water are that it has a wonderful aroma, can help with anxiety and depression and has powerful antiseptic properties that can help prevent and treat infections. And another advantage is the ease with which it is prepared at home.

Recipe-for-organic-rose-water

Recipe for organic rose water

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All you need is 4-5 colors of fragrant organic roses, water and a few ice cubes.&nbsp;

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Remove the pink colors from the stems and carefully rinse them to remove dirt. Place a bowl in the center of an empty saucepan, then add the rose petals around the bowl. Add water (enough to cover the petals) and heat the heat to simmer. Put the lid upside down - this will help capture the pink water vapor for this method of distillation.&nbsp;&nbsp;

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Add ice to the top of the lid of the pan. As soon as the ice has melted, add more cubes. This helps to condense the evaporated rose water. Keep repeating this step.&nbsp;

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In about 30 minutes, the rose water will be ready. It must have condensed into the bowl you put in the middle of the pot. Pour the rose water into a clean glass container. Store in a cool, dry place to keep it lovely and intact.

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It is important to follow a few guidelines when selecting roses - you can use any kind of rose petals to make rose water, but first make sure that the petals meet these requirements:

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<ul> <li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Organically grown or without pesticides - you do not want to use roses that have taken harmful chemicals on them. Most roses are grown to be placed in vases, not distilled for oral intake. So if you are buying from a florist or farmers market, make sure that no pesticides are used in their cultivation.</li> <li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Not grown near a road - flowers grown near a street will absorb additional contamination and should not be consumed.</li> <li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Check if you are allergic - test the petals of the flowers on your forearms, carefully dragging them along your skin to make sure you are not allergic to them.</li> </ul>

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Photo by Charlotte May from Pexels

Rose-water-for-facial-cleansing

Rose water for facial cleansing

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It is very easy to prepare rose water for cleaning a face with the right instructions.

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Rose water is a gift from nature that can do wonders with the skin. It is no coincidence that rose water is used as an ingredient in many cosmetic products due to its refreshing aroma and beneficial properties for the skin. It acts toning and soothing, nourishes and maintains the youthful appearance of the skin and protects it from damage.

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Here are the steps you need to follow to prepare rose water:

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<ol> <li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Collect some fresh rose petals early in the morning after sunrise.</li> <li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Wash the petals thoroughly with clean water.</li> <li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Place the petals in a large saucepan with distilled water (necessarily distilled).</li> <li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Pour water to cover the petals.</li> <li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Cover the pan with a lid and leave over a low heat.</li> <li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Wait for the water to burn until it acquires the color of the rose petals.</li> <li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Strain the water, leave to cool, and then store in a suitable glass container.</li> </ol>

More-rose-water-applications

More rose water applications

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You can add rose water to the rituals you give yourself daily for more health, tranquility and vitality by selecting a few ideas in the following list:

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<ul> <li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Tonic - just add a little on a cotton swab and carefully apply on a clean face</li> <li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Elixir - add rose water to a spray bottle to revive the withered skin and get a fresher look</li> <li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Eye mask - soak a cotton swab in chilled rose water and put on the eyelids</li> <li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Cleansing the scalp - use as a last rinsing after balm or mask during bathing</li> <li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Make-up remover - mix 1:3 rose water and coconut oil, shake to mix well and use for demakiage&nbsp;</li> <li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Stress relief – add a little rose water to the warm bath</li> <li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Rose water for drinking - can help healthy and balanced intestines and counteract pathogens</li> </ul>

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One thing is for sure: rose water is the secret to beauty, in which many women swear and maintain clean beautiful skin, but rose water is multi-lyca and proves useful for what we carry inside the surface.

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For the end, we can say that R.damascena is a sacred ancient plant with modern and very interesting pharmacological properties. More research needs to be done in relation to traditional use of rose water, as well as to consider potential areas of utility associated with antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial and anti-ageing effects.&nbsp;

Rose water for beauty and health - recipes for preparing at home

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 Rose water for beauty and health - recipes for preparing at home

Author: Rositsa Tashkova, Master of Molecular Biology and Microbiology

Some of the most serious problems that the modern lifestyle leads to are anxiety and insomnia.

For some, a lifestyle change may be enough to alleviate symptoms - dimming the lights in the home in the evening, turning off screens hours before sleep time, switching to a more relaxed lifestyle.

In this article, we will look at medicinal plants&nbsp;that&nbsp;have a calming effect backed by science.

Herbs-for-anxiety

Herbs for anxiety

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Anxiety can be a major symptom of various mental or psychological <a href="/p/panichiesko_razstroistvo_i_kak_da_ovladieiem_panik_atakitie_57735649_fedd_437a_b9e0_14cfed86da88" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer"></a> problems. [<a href="https://minerva-access.unimelb.edu.au/bitstream/handle/11343/216778/Plant-based+medicines+for+anxiety+disorders_Part+2.pdf;jsessionid=24B0F3B56F22B1B7F853B633B8039A86?sequence=1" target="_blank" rel="noopener">ref.7</a>]

Lemon-balm-(Melissa-officinalis)

Lemon balm (Melissa officinalis)

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The ability of Lemon Balm extract to lower anxiety has been demonstrated in several studies – both in humans, In one of the studies [<a href="https://www.bioseek.eu/en/eng/research/pubmed/Pilot_trial_of_Melissa_officinalis_L_leaf_extract_in_the_treatment_of_volunteers_suffering_from_mild_to_moderate_anxiety_disorders_and_sleep_disturbances_22207903" target="_blank" rel="noopener">ref.1</a>] patients suffering from both chronic anxiety and insomnia were involved. For 15 days they took standardized Lemon Balm extract twice a day at 300 mg. Anxiety attacks in these patients decreased&nbsp;by 18%, symptoms associated with the condition decreased by 15%, and insomnia decreased significantly by as much as 42%.

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Gotu-kola-(Centella-asiatica)

Gotu kola (Centella asiatica)

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The herb is also called Asiatic pennywort&nbsp;and Gotu Cola. It grows in eastern Europe and is known for its beneficial effect in a wide variety of diseases - a variety of infections, wounds, scars, <a href="/p/psoriazis_i_psoriatichien_artrit_sshchnost_prichini_i_liechieniie_646d5c4e_2d56_4246_894b_bd4b98ec5d3c" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer"></a>psoriasis, <a href="/p/krvonosna_sistiema_razshirieni_vieni_i_uprazhnieniia_za_profilaktika_5c96eb74_033d_416c_9aa2_7ca7b3558fb2" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer"></a> varicose veins - but in recent years studies have been conducted that the plant has the potential&nbsp;to suppress anxiety and depressive states, as well as to improve mental&nbsp;abilities.

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In 2017, an overview of the action of the Asiatic pennywort on mental abilities and mood was&nbsp;published, but scientists concluded that more evidence is needed in favor of positive effects [<a href="https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-017-09823-9" target="_blank" rel="noopener">ref.2</a>].

Chamomile-(Matricaria-recutita)

Chamomile (Matricaria recutita)

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The soothing effects of chamomile are known to folk medicine but have not yet been well studied and the mechanisms by which this herb works remain unclear. Studies in humans and animals also prove the effect, but it remains to be established what dose&nbsp;is needed to cope with anxiety. [<a href="https://www.bioseek.eu/en/eng/research/pubmed/A_randomized_double_blind_placebo_controlled_trial_of_oral_Matricaria_recutita_chamomile_extract_therapy_for_generalized_anxiety_disorder_19593179" target="_blank" rel="noopener">ref.3</a>]

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Echinacea-(Echinacea-spp.)

Echinacea (Echinacea  spp.)

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Echinacea is best known for its effects on the immune system - but there is evidence it can also&nbsp;positively affect patients suffering from anxiety. [<a href="https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/ptr.4677" target="_blank" rel="noopener">ref.4</a>]

Ginkgo-biloba

Ginkgo biloba

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According to one study in humans, the intake of Ginkgo biloba extract has a positive effect on anxiety sufferers, significantly reducing it both in lower (240 mg/day) and in higher doses (480 mg/day). [<a href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0022395606001026" target="_blank" rel="noopener">ref.5</a>]