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Author: Rositsa Tashkova, Master of Molecular Biology and Microbiology

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There are more than 30 species of savory (Satureja sp.), the most famous being the summer savory (Satureja hortensis) and the mountain savory (Satureja montana), also known as winter&nbsp;savory.

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A little-known fact is that&nbsp;savory is a good helper for those suffering from metabolic syndrome (insulin resistance) due to its numerous effects on various organs and systems affected by the condition. In this article we will consider what beneficial effects the savory has on your body and metabolism.

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 What is the relationship between PCOS, insulin resistance and infertility

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The information was taken from A Review of the Benefits of Satureja Species on Metabolic Syndrome and Their Possible Mechanisms of Action, 2015, Journal of Evidence-Based Complementary &amp; Alternative Medicine. [<a href="https://www.bioseek.eu/en/eng/research/pubmed/A_review_of_the_benefits_of_Satureja_species_on_metabolic_syndrome_and_their_possible_mechanisms_of_action_25563729" target="_blank" rel="noopener">ref.1</a>]

What-is-Metabolic-Syndrome

What is Metabolic Syndrome

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Metabolic syndrome is also known as insulin resistance. The condition has a direct impact on cardiovascular disease and affects too many people. It is a set of metabolic disorders.

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In order for someone to be diagnosed with the disease, it is necessary to have at least three of the following 5 characteristics:

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<ul>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">abdominal obesity (waist circumference ≥102 cm in men and ≥88 cm in women),</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">triglycerides ≥150 mg/dL,</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL) &lt;40 mg/dL in men and &lt;50 mg/dL in women,</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">blood pressure ≥130/85 mm Hg,</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">fasting glucose ≥110 mg/dL.</li>
</ul>

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There are 6 components of metabolic syndrome that are associated with cardiovascular disease: abdominal obesity, atherogenous dyslipidemia (plaque formation in blood vessels), increased blood pressure, insulin resistance with or without glucose intolerance, pro-inflammatory state and prothrombotic state (propensity to blood clots).

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The critical consequences of metabolic syndrome are the development of&nbsp;<a href="/p/vsichko_za_diabiet_tip_2_na_iedno_miasto_9b1be4d6_84a7_42c6_8e37_de3bd6480ba1" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer">type 2 diabetes mellitus</a>, hypertension, dyslipidemia and atherosclerotic vascular diseases, especially diseases of the coronary arteries.

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Sedentary lifestyle, unhealthy nutrition and genetic factors contribute significantly to the development of the disease.

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In women, insulin resistance is often associated with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), which is a common cause of infertility.

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Herbs to help conception: which herbs and supplements regulate the cycle in PCOS

Herbs-and-Medicinal-Plants-That-May-Improve-Metabolic-Syndrome

Herbs and Medicinal Plants That May Improve Metabolic Syndrome

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A number of medicinal plants are being studied because of their potential to regulate various aspects of the disease, including:

Herbs-and-Medicinal-Plants-That-May-Improve-Metabolic-Syndrome_1_1

<ul>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum), bitter melon (Momordica charantia) and cinnamon bark (Cinnamomum cassia) have been studied to cope with hyperglycemia (increased blood sugar);</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">dill (Anethum graveolens), garlic (Allium sativum), rosella (Hibiscus sabdariffa) and mulberry (Morus alba) have been tested for their hypotensive (lowering blood pressure) and hypolipidemic effects (lowering lipids in the blood).</li>
</ul>

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Savory-Has-Many-More-Effects

Savory Has Many More Effects

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All of the above herbs have their limitations and relatively narrow spectrum of action, unlike the savory, which seems to possess an entire arsenal of weapons specifically aimed at manifestations of metabolic syndrome and insulin resistance.

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It has the following actions:

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<ul>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">аntioxidant,</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">controls the lipids in the blood,</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">lowers blood glucose,</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">inhibits lipid peroxidation,</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">anti-inflammatory,</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">analgesic,</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">antiproliferative,</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">against diarrhoea,</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">releases blood vessels (vasorelaxant),</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">antifungal and antibacterial,</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">antiviral,</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">antispasmodic,</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">anticoagulant action (against blood clotting).</li>
</ul>

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Here we will consider some of them in more detail.

Antioxidant-Properties-of-Savory

Antioxidant Properties of Savory

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According to several studies, savory has remarkable antioxidant activity - it neutralizes free radicals. Probably this is due to the substances it contains: triterpenoid, carvacrol, tannin, steroid and flavonoid components.

Antioxidant-Properties-of-Savory_3_1

What are the benefits of antioxidants for health and which foods are richest to them

Antioxidant-Properties-of-Savory_3_2

Savory-May-Lower-Blood-Sugar

Savory May Lower Blood Sugar

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Some studies have found that the savory can lower the blood sugar level when it is too high (hyperglycemia). The antioxidant activity of the herb is thought to play a role in this. [<a href="https://scialert.net/abstract/?doi=pjbs.2009.140.145" target="_blank" rel="noopener">ref.2</a>]

Savory-May-Lower-Blood-Lipids

Savory May Lower Blood Lipids

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Several studies have shown that savory can lower levels of bad cholesterol (LDL) and triglycerides in the blood, while raising the level of good cholesterol (HDL).

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Three main substances in the plants of the savory family - Lamiaceae, suppress cholesterol synthesis: isopropanoids, carvacrol and tymol.

Anti-inflammatory-Action-of-Savory

Anti-inflammatory Action of Savory

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The anti-inflammatory action of savory can be due to the presence of flavonoids, steroids and thanin, since they have anti-inflammatory and analgesic effect.

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Another reason may be the antioxidant effect of the savory, which neutralizes the free radicals formed during inflammation. Also, flavonoids can inhibit the release of histamine and the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines by mast cells.

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Anticancer-Properties-of-Savory

Anticancer Properties of Savory

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According to a 2016 study, essential oils of two types of savory - S. thymbra and S. parnassica,&nbsp;exhibit significant antioxidant and antiproliferative actions (inhibit the multiplication of cancer cells), mainly due to their main components: carvacrol and thymol. [<a href="https://www.bioseek.eu/en/eng/research/pubmed/Antioxidant_and_Antiproliferative_Properties_of_the_Essential_Oils_of_Satureja_thymbra_and_Satureja_parnassica_and_their_Major_Constituents_27793897" target="_blank" rel="noopener">ref.3</a>]

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Another study has found that these substances exhibit numerous other beneficial biological activities: antimicrobial, diuretic, anti-HIV-1, anti-diarrhea.

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Very often, the biological activity of herbal products is attributed to the most dominant components. However, the effect of plant products as a result of the synergy of all components present in the plant can be more significant than the activity of each individual component. And the body's reaction to the extract is not the same as the reaction to individual components, and this should be taken into account when using herbs for treatment.

How-to-Use-Savory

How to Use Savory

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There are different ways you can use savory.

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For tea (infusion): the leaves are poured with boiling water and allowed to steam for 2 to 15 minutes depending on your taste, then strain and drink.

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To prepare a decoction: pour the leaves with cold water, which is left on the hob to boil. Boil for 15 to 30 minutes, then strain.

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Maceration: savory leaves remain in cold water for several hours to extract the active ingredients, then strain.

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In the kitchen: savory wonderfully complements dishes of fish, appetizers of raw vegetables, stews, sauces and much more.

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Savory is becoming of great interest and is being examined more thoroughly as a medicinal plant. And while we wait for the results - what's better than a good old gypsy pie with oil, paprika and savory?

<a href="https://www.bioseek.eu/en/eng/research/pubmed/A_review_of_the_benefits_of_Satureja_species_on_metabolic_syndrome_and_their_possible_mechanisms_of_action_25563729" target="_blank" rel="noopener">A Review of the Benefits of Satureja Species on Metabolic Syndrome and Their Possible Mechanisms of Action</a>, 2015, Journal of evidence-based complementary &amp; alternative medicine

Plasma glucose lowering effect of the wild Saturejakhuzestanica Jamzad essential oil in diabetic rats: role of decreased gluconeogenesis, 2009, Pak J Biol Sci

<a href="https://www.bioseek.eu/en/eng/research/pubmed/Antioxidant_and_Antiproliferative_Properties_of_the_Essential_Oils_of_Satureja_thymbra_and_Satureja_parnassica_and_their_Major_Constituents_27793897" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Antioxidant and Antiproliferative Properties of the Essential Oils of Satureja thymbra and Satureja parnassica and their Major Constituents</a>, 2016, Anticancer Research

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Researchers from the Oregon State University conducted a study that could be pivotal to a new type 2 diabetes treatment and prevention.

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There are 14,480 new cases of cervical cancer expected in the states in 2021, according to the American Cancer Society (1). Any woman can be affected by this disease. Fortunately, there are methods that can prevent the appearance of cervical cancer. One such method is the vaccine against human papilloma virus (HPV). 

How can the HPV vaccine protect us from cervical cancer?

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Depression is highly familiar to most of us. Standard methods of treatment do not always provide a good outcome for patients. Fortunately, another method, such as the use of psychotropic mushrooms, shows great potential in therapies with patients. How do they help to cope with depression, why are they better than other methods, and are there negative aspects to their use specifically for the treatment of depression? Read here.

Psilocybin – the magic ingredient against depression

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Fenchol is an aromatic compound that is found in abundance in basil leaves. In addition to giving it a specific and well-known aroma, it turns out that it can help reduce the pathologies caused by Alzheimer's disease.

Basil in the fight against Alzheimer's disease

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Irritable bowel syndrome is a functional disorder of the digestive system characterized by  symptoms such as pain and bloating. They often occur as a result of food intake, but the reason for this remains largely unclear. In this article, we look at a new and unusual idea that suggests that the explanation lies in a local intestinal immune response.

A Local Immune Reaction May Cause Irritable Bowel Syndrome

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Natural Treatments for Helicobacter pylori

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Savory: a Herb with Numerous Health Benefits

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 Savory: a Herb with Numerous Health Benefits

Rositsa Tashkova-Kacharova

The broadleaf plantain (Plantago major) is best known for its ability to accelerate wound healing. It's also called white man's foot or greater plantain. The plant is widespread in Europe, Asia and America and is often found in gardens and other urban grasslands.

The plantain is not distinguished by bright colors or large size, but despite its modest appearance, it hides a great healing potential, which extends beyond the treatment of wounds.

Some of the properties attributed to it by folk medicine have been confirmed by recent research, including:

<ul>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">wound healing,</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">antipyretic action (to lower fever),</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">cough suppression (antitussive),</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">against infections,</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">anti-haemorrhagic and haemostatic action,</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">anti-inflammatory,</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">diuretic,</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">laxative,</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">astringent.</li>
</ul>

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In this article you will learn more about the traditional use of plantain in Iranian traditional medicine, as well as the modern evidence of its healing properties. The information is taken from the article Plantago major in Traditional Persian Medicine and modern phytotherapy: a narrative review, 2018, Electronic physician [<a href="https://www.bioseek.eu/en/eng/research/pubmed/Plantago_major_in_Traditional_Persian_Medicine_and_modern_phytotherapy_a_narrative_review_29629064" target="_blank" rel="noopener">ref.1</a>].

Plantain-Use-According-to-Iranian-Folk-Medicine

Plantain Use According to Iranian Folk Medicine

Plantain-Use-According-to-Iranian-Folk-Medicine_0_0

The use of plantain for the treatment of various diseases dates back thousands of years. The earliest known account of the plantain is in "De materia medica", which was written by the Greek pharmaco-botanist Dioscurid in the 1st century (40-90 A.D.). The book is an encyclopedia of herbal treatment and pharmacopoeia from around the world.

Plantain-Use-According-to-Iranian-Folk-Medicine_0_1

Plantain-Use-According-to-Iranian-Folk-Medicine_0_2

Plantain finds the following applications in Iranian folk medicine:

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<ul>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">In neurological diseases such <a href="/p/iepiliepsiiata_koi_liechiebni_rastieniia_sa_izpolzvani_v_drievna_piersiia_d697132f_9082_456b_ac3a_9019ffa4be12" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer">epilepsy</a> or ear pain;</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">In diseases of the eyes;</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Against inflammation in the oral cavity and toothache (gargling and rinsing);</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">In lung diseases such as asthma and tuberculosis;</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">With gastrointestinal problems - bleeding, <a href="/p/profilaktika_klasichiesko_i_bilkovo_liechieniie_na_khiemoroidi_9e58f268_e51f_460a_8c66_6158a6575aac" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer">hemorrhoids</a>, stomach ache, <a href="/p/7_bilki_koito_obliekchavat_loshoto_khranosmilanie_i_dispiepsiiata_60bc6c30_0949_4ed7_933c_460f9104d318" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer">dyspepsia</a>, constipation;</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">In <a href="/p/chierniiat_drob_nie_boli_koi_bilki_podobriavat_zdravieto_mu_pri_khiepatit_stieatoza_i_tsiroza_ed55df70_c2be_430d_93f0_29a2aece49ff" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer">liver</a> and bile disease;</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">In urogenital infections and pain in <a href="/p/kamni_v_bbrietsitie_koi_bilki_priechat_na_obrazuvanieto_im_i_kak_da_sie_khranim" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer">the kidneys</a> and bladder;</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">For the treatment of various wounds and burns.</li>
</ul>

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Many of these and other healing properties are also confirmed by modern medicine. You will learn about some of them in the following lines.

Broadleaf-Plantain-and-The-Immune-System

Broadleaf Plantain and The Immune System

Broadleaf-Plantain-and-The-Immune-System_1_0

In low concentrations, plantain possesses immunomodulatory activity, increases the number of lymphocytes and the secretion of interferon-γ, but at high concentrations this property can be suppressed.

Broadleaf-Plantain-and-The-Immune-System_1_1

Plantain tea can aid the immune system in leukemia and viral infections. [<a href="https://www.bioseek.eu/en/eng/research/pubmed/In_vitro_cytotoxic_antiviral_and_immunomodulatory_effects_of_Plantago_major_and_Plantago_asiatica_12856861" target="_blank" rel="noopener">ref.2</a>]

Plantain-in-Gastrointestinal-Problems

Plantain in Gastrointestinal Problems

Plantain-in-Gastrointestinal-Problems_2_0

The seeds of plantain secrete mucus substances that have a laxative and protective effect for the mucous membrane of the stomach. Seeds are recommended for inflammatory bowel diseases, e.g. ulcerative colitis.

Plantain-in-Gastrointestinal-Problems_2_1

On the other hand, leaf extract reduces the mobility of the duodenum and has astringent effect.

Plantain-in-Gastrointestinal-Problems_2_2

Plantain-in-Urticaria

Plantain in Urticaria

Plantain-in-Urticaria_3_0

Broadleaf plantain contains substances that suppress the production of prostaglandins, the movement of white blood cells and the release of histamine, and this is relevant for the suppression of urticaria.

Antibacterial-and-Antiparasite-Effects-of-Plantain

Antibacterial and Antiparasite Effects of Plantain

Antibacterial-and-Antiparasite-Effects-of-Plantain_4_0

Some types of plantain extracts have shown an effect against the Giardia parasite.

Antibacterial-and-Antiparasite-Effects-of-Plantain_4_1

Plantain extract in ethyl alcohol shows antibacterial activity against the bacteria E. coli and Bacillus cereus, and acetone extract is also effective against Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Klebsiella pneumonia, Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Plantain extract also has good effectiveness against <a href="../../eng/p/home_remedies_for_vaginal_candidiasis" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Candida albicans yeast</a>.

Plantain-Helps-Wound-Healing

Plantain Helps Wound Healing

Plantain-Helps-Wound-Healing_5_0

Broadleaf plantain is traditionally used to heal wounds. With tissue damage, whether from bacteria, physical trauma, chemical, heat or any other phenomenon, the body reacts with an inflammatory response, which is by its very nature a protective reaction. Inflammation is manifested by redness, fever, edema and pain in the affected tissue.

Plantain-Helps-Wound-Healing_5_1

Plantain contains polyphenols and in particular plantamajoside, which are considered the main significant compounds for wound healing. For this purpose, aqueous extract of plantain can be used.

Plantain-Helps-Wound-Healing_5_2

Anti-cancer-Properties-of-Plantain

Anti-cancer Properties of Plantain

Anti-cancer-Properties-of-Plantain_6_0

Various studies have shown that both spirit and water extracts of plantain possess the property to inhibit the growth of certain cancer cell lines: melanoma (skin cancer), adenocarcinoma of the breast and kidney. [<a href="https://www.researchgate.net/publication/311913648_Evaluation_of_In_Vitro_Anticancer_Effect_of_Plantago_major_L_and_Plantago_lanceolata_L_Leaf_Extracts_from_Sivas" target="_blank" rel="noopener">ref.3</a>]

Anti-cancer-Properties-of-Plantain_6_1

According to one of the studies, the greatest potential to inhibit the growth of cancer cells have the seeds of broadleaf plantain, in particular on the following cancer cell lines: MCF-7, MDA-MB-231, HeLaS3, A549 and KB. They also suppress inflammatory cytokines tumornecortising factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin 1β and 6 (IL-1β, IL-6) and interferon-gamma (IFN-γ).

Anti-cancer-Properties-of-Plantain_6_2

Extracts from the roots of the plant exhibit the same properties. However, the scientists who conducted this study offer the seeds of broadleaf plantain as a source of new drugs against oncological and inflammatory diseases. [<a href="https://www.bioseek.eu/en/eng/research/pubmed/Effects_of_Plantago_major_Extracts_and_Its_Chemical_Compounds_on_Proliferation_of_Cancer_Cells_and_Cytokines_Production_of_Lipopolysaccharide_activated_THP_1_Macrophages_28839362" target="_blank" rel="noopener">ref.4</a>]

Q&amp;A

Q&amp;A_7_0

What side effects can the intake of broadleaf plantain have?

Q&amp;A_7_1

In general, plantain is considered a safe herb, but an overdose can lead to anaphylaxis (suffocation due to an allergic reaction). In milder cases of side effects, vomiting, nausea, diarrhea, anorexia, bloating, hypersensitivity or dermatitis may be observed.

Q&amp;A_7_2

How is broadleaf plantain used?

Q&amp;A_7_3

The usual dose is 3–5 grams of the powdered herb 1–3 times a day, but the most common dose in the form of tea (infusion) is 150 ml 3–4 times a day.

<a href="https://www.bioseek.eu/en/eng/research/pubmed/Plantago_major_in_Traditional_Persian_Medicine_and_modern_phytotherapy_a_narrative_review_29629064" target="_blank" rel="noopener"> Plantago major in Traditional Persian Medicine and modern phytotherapy: a narrative review</a>, 2018, Electronic physician

<a href="https://www.bioseek.eu/en/eng/research/pubmed/In_vitro_cytotoxic_antiviral_and_immunomodulatory_effects_of_Plantago_major_and_Plantago_asiatica_12856861" target="_blank" rel="noopener"> In vitro cytotoxic, antiviral and immunomodulatory effects of Plantago major and Plantago asiatica</a>, 2003, American Journal of Chinese Medicine

Evaluation of In Vitro Anticancer Effect of Plantago major L. and Plantago lanceolata L. Leaf Extracts from Sivas, 2016, Cumhuriyet Üniv. Sağ. Bil. Enst. Derg.

<a href="https://www.bioseek.eu/en/eng/research/pubmed/Effects_of_Plantago_major_Extracts_and_Its_Chemical_Compounds_on_Proliferation_of_Cancer_Cells_and_Cytokines_Production_of_Lipopolysaccharide_activated_THP_1_Macrophages_28839362" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Effects of Plantago major Extracts and Its Chemical Compounds on Proliferation of Cancer Cells and Cytokines Production of Lipopolysaccharide-activated THP-1 Macrophages</a>, 2017, Pharmacognosy Magazine

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Studies have suggested that ginseng reduces physical, chemical and biological stress, while increasing overall vitality and immune function, including physical and mental capacity.

Diseases conditions and symptoms